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In Islamic ''sharia'' legal terminology, a ''mahram'' (Arabic محرم, also transliterated ''mahrim'' or ''maharem'') is an unmarriageable kin with whom sexual intercourse would be considered incestuous, a punishable taboo. Current usage of the term covers a wider range of people and mostly deals with the dress code practice of ''hijab''. The plural form of the word in the Arabic language is ''maharim'' with long second vowel (Arabic محارم, also transliterated ''maharem''). Sometimes the word is capitalized but there is not a general consensus that the word should be capitalized like ''Muslim''. (The Arabic alphabet has no upper-case vs. lower-case distinction.) Being ''mahram'' is a mutual condition. If ''A'' is ''mahram'' to ''B'', ''B'' is definitely ''mahram'' to ''A''. ==Who is ''mahram''?== Any relative that a Muslim is not allowed to marry is ''mahram'', if they are of the opposite sex and have reached puberty. A partial list of what is considered a ''mahram'' can be found in Surah 24, Ayah 31, of the Koran. A woman's male ''mahrams'' fall into four categories (three categories in the strict-sense definition that does not count one's spouse). ''Mahrams'' for a man can be derived in a similar manner. * Permanent or blood ''mahrams'' with whom one is ''mahram'' by a blood relationship: * * parents, grandparents and further ancestors * * siblings * * children, grandchildren and further descendants * * siblings of parents, grandparents and further ancestors * * children and further descendants of siblings * In-law ''mahrams'' with whom one becomes ''mahram'' by marrying someone: * * father-in-law, mother-in-law; * * son-in-law, daughter-in-law, * * stepfather (mother's husband) if their marriage is consummated, stepmother (father's wife) if their marriage is consummated; * * stepson (husband's son) if their marriage is consummated, stepdaughter (wife's daughter) if their marriage is consummated; * ''Rada'' or "milk-suckling ''mahrams''" with whom one becomes ''mahram'' because of being nursed by the same woman. When a woman acts as a wetnurse (that is she breast feeds an infant that is not her own child for a certain amount of time under certain conditions), she becomes the child's ''rada'' mother and everything concerning blood ''mahrams'' applies here, like ''rada'' father/mother, ''rada'' sister/brother, ''rada'' aunt/uncle and so on. In English these can be referred to as milk brother, milk-mother, and so on. For a man, ''mahram'' women include his mother, grandmother, daughter, granddaughter, sister, aunt, grandaunt, niece, grandniece, his father's wife, his wife's daughter (step-daughter), his mother-in-law, his ''rada'' mother and any other ''rada'' relatives that correspond to the above mentioned blood relatives. As the Prophet said, "What is forbidden by reason of kinship is forbidden by reason of suckling." (Al-Bukhari) These are considered ''maharim'' because they are mentioned in the Koran: "And marry not women whom your fathers married, except what has already passed; indeed it was shameful and most hateful, and an evil way. Forbidden to you (for marriage) are: your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father's sisters, your mother's sisters, your brother's daughters, your sister's daughters, your foster mother who gave you suck, your foster milk suckling sisters, your wives' mothers, your step-daughters under your guardianship, born of your wives to whom you have go in - but there is no sin on you if you have not gone in them (to marry their daughters), ... the wives of your sons who (spring) from your own loins, and two sisters in wedlock at the same time, except for what has already passed; verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (An-Nisa 4:22-23) All of the man's female relatives mentioned in these two verses are considered his ''maharim'', because it is unlawful (''haram'') for him to marry them, except the wife's sister mentioned last, who is not a ''mahram'' because he can marry her if he divorces her sister, or if his wife dies. As noted in the introduction, the notion of ''mahram'' is reciprocal. All other relatives are considered non-''maharim'' and they fall under the category of strangers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mahram」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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