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mangelwurzel
Mangelwurzel or mangold wurzel (from German ''Mangel/Mangold'' and ''Wurzel'', "root"), also called mangold,〔Wright, Clifford A. (2001) ''Mediterranean Vegetables: a cook's ABC of vegetables and their preparation in Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, the Middle East, and north Africa with more than 200 authentic recipes for the home cook'' Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Common Press, (page 52 ), ISBN 1-55832-196-9〕 mangel beet,〔 field beet,〔Raynbird, Hugh (1851) "On the Cultivation of Mangold-wurzel or Field-beet" ''Transactions of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland''; New Series pp. 534-38, (page 534 )〕 and fodder beet, is a cultivated root vegetable derived from ''Beta vulgaris''. Its large white, yellow or orange-yellow swollen roots were developed in the 18th century as a fodder crop for feeding livestock.
==Usage==
Contemporary use is primarily for cattle, pig and other stock feed, although it can be eaten – especially when young – by humans. Considered a crop for cool-temperate climates, the mangelwurzel sown in autumn can be grown as a winter crop in warm-temperate to sub-tropical climates. Both leaves and roots may be eaten. Leaves can be lightly steamed for salads or lightly boiled as a vegetable if treated like English spinach. Grown in well-dug, well-composted soil and watered regularly, the roots become tender, juicy and flavourful. The roots are prepared boiled like potato for serving mashed, diced or in sweet curries. Animals are known to thrive upon this plant; both its leaves and roots providing a nutritious food. Mangelwurzel may require supplementary potassium (potash) for optimum yields, flavour and texture, and foliage readily displays potassium deficiency as interveinal chlorosis. In 19th-century American usage they were sometimes referred to as 'mango.'
The 1830 book ''The Practice of Cookery'' includes a recipe for a beer made with mangelwurzel.〔Dalgairns, Mrs. (1830) ''The Practice of Cookery: adapted to the business of every day life'' (third edition) Cadell & Company, Edinburgh, Scotland, (page 498 ), 〕
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