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The mango is a juicy stone fruit (drupe) belonging to the genus ''Mangifera'', consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees, cultivated mostly for edible fruit. The majority of these species are found in nature as wild mangoes. They all belong to the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to South Asia,〔〔, Kostermans AJHG, Bompard JM, 1993. The Mangoes: Their Botany, Nomenclature, Horticulture and Utilization〕 from where it has been distributed worldwide to become one of the most cultivated fruits in the tropics. The center of diversity of the ''Mangifera'' genus is in India. While other ''Mangifera'' species (e.g. horse mango, ''Mangifera foetida'') are also grown on a more localized basis, ''Mangifera indica''—the "common mango" or "Indian mango"—is the only mango tree commonly cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. It is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, and the national tree of Bangladesh.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mango tree, national tree )〕 ==Description== Mango trees grow up to tall, with a crown radius of . The trees are long-lived, as some specimens still fruit after 300 years.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=California Rare Fruit Growers )〕 In deep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of , with profuse, wide-spreading feeder roots; the tree also sends down many anchor roots, which penetrate several feet of soil. The leaves are evergreen, alternate, simple, long, and broad; when the leaves are young they are orange-pink, rapidly changing to a dark, glossy red, then dark green as they mature. The flowers are produced in terminal panicles long; each flower is small and white with five petals long, with a mild, sweet odor suggestive of lily of the valley. Over 400 varieties of mangoes are known, many of which ripen in summer, while some give double crop. The fruit takes three to six months to ripen. The ripe fruit varies in size and color. Cultivars are variously yellow, orange, red, or green, and carry a single flat, oblong pit that can be fibrous or hairy on the surface, and which does not separate easily from the pulp. Ripe, unpeeled mangoes give off a distinctive resinous, sweet smell. Inside the pit thick is a thin lining covering a single seed, long. The seed contains the plant embryo. Mangos have recalcitrant seeds; they do not survive freezing and drying. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mango」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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