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A Mappila, also known as a Muslim Mappila or Jonaka Mappila, is a member of the largest Muslim group in the Indian state of Kerala. The community arose primarily as a result of the pre- and post-Islamic Arab contacts.〔Panikkar, K. N., ''Against Lord and State: Religion and Peasant Uprisings in Malabar 1836–1921''〕 Mappilas chiefly reside in the Malabar region. Muslims of Kerala, of which Mappilas constitute a majority, make up the largest community in Kerala state: 24.70% of the populations. As a religious group they are the second largest after Hindus (56%).〔Census of India 2001〕 Mappilas share the common language of Malayalam with the other inhabitants of Kerala. Islam reached Malabar Coast as early as the 7th century AD and was assimilated with the culture and traditions of the local people. Over the centuries, the strong relations of the Mappilas with the traders from Arabia have created a profound impact on their life and culture. This has resulted in the formation of a unique tradition in literature, art, music, and history of the Mappilas. They form an integral part of the unique blend of the culture of the Malayalam language speaking population. Most of the Mappilas follow Shafi'i School, while a large minority follow movements that arose within Sunni Islam. A small number of Mappilas have settled in the southern districts of Karnataka and western parts of Tamil Nadu, while the scattered presence of these people in major cities of India is comparable with other major communities in Kerala. The diaspora groups of Mappilas in Arab states of the Persian Gulf and Malaysia are comparatively large and, among the natives, they are also known as "Malabaris" or "Malwaris." ==Etymology== There's a difference of opinion on the exact origin of the word "Mappila" ("Moplah" in Colonial sources). By and large it is considered to be derived from a combination of ancient Tamil or Malayalam language words ''maham'' ("great") or ''mam'' ("mother")〔Page 302, ''Journal of Indian history'', Volumes 26–27, University of Allahabad, 1949〕 and ''pillai'' ("son").〔Miller Roland, ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Volume 6 1988, page 458〕〔(''Muslims, Dalits, and the fabrications of history'' ). Shail Mayaram, M.S.S. Pandian, Ajay Skaria〕 Some people believe that Mappila means "Son-in-Law" as the Muslim visitors often married local women and thus became son-in-laws. (Tamil Mappilai = Son in law). Mappila was a term originally used to denote visitors and immigrants to Malabar including the Muslims, Christians and the Jews, who became the trading communities of ancient Kerala. The Saint Thomas Christian community of southern Kerala are also called "Nasrani Mappilas".〔''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Volume 6, 1988, page 458〕 The Muslims of ancient Kerala were referred to as ''Jōnaka'' or ''Cōnaka Mappila'' (Yavanaka Mappilas), to distinguish them from the ''Nasrani Mappila'' (Saint Thomas Christians) and the ''Juda Mappila'' (Cochin Jews).〔"The Mappila fisherfolk of Kerala: a study in inter-relationship between habitat, technology, economy, society, and culture" (1977), P.R.G. Mathur, ''Anthropological Survey of India'', Kerala Historical Society, p. 1〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mappila」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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