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marid
''Marid'' ((アラビア語:مارد) ') is an Arabic word meaning ''rebellious'', which is sometimes applied to supernatural beings.
==In Arabic sources ==
The word ''mārid'' is an active participle of the root ''m-r-d'' (مرد), whose primary meaning is ''recalcitrant, rebellious''. ''Lisān al-`arab'', the encyclopedic dictionary of classical Arabic compiled by Ibn Manzur, reports only forms of this general meaning.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=Ibn Manzur ), p. 5376.〕 It is found as an attribute of evil spirits in the Qur'an (aṣ-Ṣāffāt, 37:7), which speaks of a "safeguard against every rebellious devil" (شَيْطَانٍ مَارِدٍ, ''shaitān mārid''). The Wehr-Cowan dictionary of modern written Arabic also gives secondary meanings of ''demon'' and ''giant''.〔Hans Wehr & J M. Cowan. A dictionary of modern written Arabic. Third Edition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Spoken Language Services. p. 903.〕 Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon cites a source where it "is said to be applied to an evil jinnee of the most powerful class,"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=An Arabic-English Lexicon: Derived from the Best and the Most Copious Eastern Sources )〕 but this distinction is by no means universal. For example, in standard Arabic editions of One Thousand and One Nights one finds the words ''marid'' and ''ifrit'' used interchangeably (see, e.g., ''The Story of the Fisherman'' in the MacNaghten edition.)〔 Calcutta, W. Thacker and co. 1839, vol. 1, p. 20.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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