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martenitsa
A Martenitsa ((ブルガリア語:мартеница), pronounced (:ˈmartɛnit͡sa), (マケドニア語:мартинка), (ギリシア語:μάρτης), (ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():mărțișor)) is a small piece of adornment, made of white and red yarn and usually in the form of two dolls, a male and a female. Martenitsi are worn from Baba Marta Day (March 1) until the wearer first sees a stork, swallow, or budding tree (or until late March). The name of the holiday means "Grandma March" in Bulgarian and the holiday and the wearing of Martenitsi are a Bulgarian tradition related to welcoming the spring, which according to Bulgarian folklore begins in March.〔(Grandmother March, 1st March, Martenitsa ) Bulgarian rituals and traditions Regional Museum Burgas〕
== Symbolism ==
A typical Martenitsa consists of two small wool dolls, Pizho and Penda ((ブルガリア語:Пижо и Пенда)). Pizho, the male doll, is usually predominantly white; Penda, the female doll, is distinguished by her skirt and is usually predominantly red.
The red and white woven threads symbolize the wish for good health. They are the heralds of the coming of spring and of new life. While white as a color symbolizes purity, red is a symbol of life and passion, and so some ethnologists have proposed that, in its very origins, the custom might have reminded people of the constant cycle of life and death, the balance of good and evil, and the sorrow and happiness in human life. The Martenitsa is also a stylized symbol of Mother Nature, the white symbolizing the purity of the melting white snow and the red the setting of the sun, which becomes more and more intense as spring progresses. These two natural resources are the source of life. They are also associated with the male and female beginnings, and in their balance, with the need for balance in life.
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