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mesocosm
A mesocosm is an experimental tool that brings a small part of the natural environment under controlled conditions. In this way mesocosms provide a link between observational field studies that take place in natural environments, but without replication, and controlled laboratory experiments that may take place under somewhat unnatural conditions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MESOCOSM )〕
When pursuing a laboratory experiment, the experimenter cannot account for every possible factor that would normally occur in the original environment. Mesocosms circumvent this problem as the experiment is performed in the natural environment, but in an enclosure that is small enough that key variables can be brought under control. Mesocosms have been used to evaluate how organisms or communities might react to environmental change, through deliberate manipulation of environmental variables, such as increased temperature, carbon dioxide or pH levels.
== Advantages ==
The advantage to mesocosm studies provides us with what we already know and what possible influential factors will produce a positive or negative reaction of our subject areas of interest. Manipulating something can give us an idea as to what to expect if something were to occur in that ecosystem or environment.〔 For indoor mesocosms, growth chambers allow us to control the experiment.〔 You can place plants in a growth chamber and manipulate the air, temperature, heat and light distribution and observe the effects when exposed to different amounts of each factor.〔
Greenhouses also contribute to mesocosm studies although sometimes, it may induce climate change, interfering with the experiment and resulting in inefficient data.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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