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A messiah (literally, "anointed one")〔http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=messiah&searchmode=none〕 is a saviour or liberator of a group of people, most commonly in the Abrahamic religions. In the Hebrew Bible, a messiah () is a king or High Priest traditionally anointed with holy anointing oil. However, messiahs were not exclusively Jewish, as the Hebrew Bible refers to Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, as a messiah〔(Jewish Encyclopedia: Cyrus: Cyrus and the Jews ): "This prophet, Cyrus, through whom were to be redeemed His chosen people, whom he would glorify before all the world, was the promised Messiah, 'the shepherd of Yhwh' (xliv. 28, xlv. 1)."〕 for his decree to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple. The concept of messianism originated in Judaism.〔〔 According to Jewish tradition, the Jewish Messiah, ''HaMashiach'' ( המשיח , "the Messiah", "the anointed one"), often referred to as "King Messiah" (, ''melekh mashiach''), is plainly distinct from the concept of a divine Christian Messiah or any other concept of a messiah in other Abrahamic religions, especially the Islamic.〔See Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan: 〕 The future Jewish Messiah to come is thought to be a human leader, physically descended from the paternal Davidic line through King David and King Solomon. He is thought to accomplish predetermined things in only one future arrival, including the unification of the tribes of Israel,〔Megillah 17b–18a, Taanit 8b〕 the gathering in of all Jews to Eretz Israel, the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem, the ushering in of a Messianic Age〔Sotah 9a〕 of global universal peace, and the annunciation of the World to Come. The translation of the Hebrew word מָשִׁיחַ ''(unicode:mašíaḥ)'' as Χριστός (''Khristós'', whence the term ''Christ'' comes) in the Greek Septuagint〔(Etymology Online )〕 became the accepted Christian designation and title of Jesus of Nazareth.〔Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity, born 7–2 Before Christ (BC).〕 Christians believe that messianic prophecies in the Christian Old Testament (especially Isaiah) refer to a spiritual savior and believe that Jesus is the Christian Messiah. Islamic tradition holds that Jesus, the son of Mary, was a Prophet and the ''Masîḥ'' (مسيح) (messiah) sent to the Israelites, and that he will return to Earth at the end of times, along with the ''Mahdi'', and defeat ''al-Masih ad-Dajjal'', the "false Messiah" or Antichrist. ==Etymology== Messiah (; in modern Jewish texts in English spelled ''Mashiach''; , , , , (アラビア語:المسيح), , (ラテン語:Messias)) literally means "anointed one".〔 In Hebrew, the Messiah is often referred to as מלך המשיח ((unicode:Meleḵ ha-Mašīaḥ) in the Tiberian vocalization, , literally meaning "the Anointed King." The Greek Septuagint version of the Old Testament renders all thirty-nine instances of the Hebrew word for "anointed" (''(unicode:Mašíaḥ)'') as Χριστός (''Khristós'').〔 The New Testament records the Greek transliteration Μεσσίας, ''Messias'' twice in John. ''al-Masīḥ'' (proper name, ) is the Arabic word for messiah. In modern Arabic, it is used as one of the many titles of Jesus. ''Masīḥ'' is used by Arab Christians as well as Muslims, and is written as ''Yasūʿ al-Masih'' (يسوع المسيح ) by Arab Christians or ''ʿĪsā al-Masīḥ'' (عيسى المسيح) by Muslims. The word ''al-Masīḥ'' literally means "the anointed", "the traveller", or the "one who cures by caressing". In Qu'ranic scripture, Jesus is mentioned as having been sent down by Allah, strengthened by the holy spirit, and hence, 'anointed' with the task of being a prophet and a "recipient of sacred scripture".〔 The Israelites, to whom Isa was sent, had a traditional practice of anointing their kings with oil. An Imam Bukhari hadith describes Jesus as having wet hair that looked as if water was dripping from it, possibly meaning he was naturally anointed.〔http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/bukhari/055.sbt.html#004.055.650〕 Muslims believe that this is just one of the many signs that proves that Jesus is the Messiah. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「messiah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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