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metanarrative
A metanarrative in critical theory and particularly in postmodernism is a narrative ''about'' narratives of historical meaning, experience or knowledge, which offers a society legitimation through the anticipated completion of a (as yet unrealized) master idea.〔J. Childers/G. Hentzi eds., ''The Columbia Dictionary of Modern Literary and Cultural Criticism'' (1995) p. 186〕〔R. Appignanesi/C. Garratt, ''Postmodernism for Beginners'' (1995) p. 102-3〕〔Jean-François Lyotard, ''The Postmodern Explained to Children'' (1992) p. 29〕
The term was brought into prominence by Jean-François Lyotard in 1984, with his claim that the postmodern was characterised precisely by a mistrust of the grand narratives (Progress, Enlightenment emancipation, Marxism) that had formed an essential part of modernity.〔Childers p. 166-7〕
==Poststructuralist skepticism toward metanarratives==
In ''The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge'' (1979), Lyotard highlights the increasing skepticism of the ''postmodern condition'' toward the totalizing nature of metanarratives and their reliance on some form of "transcendent and universal truth":〔Lyotard, Jean-François. (Introduction:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge )," 1979: xxiv-xxv.〕
Lyotard and other poststructuralist thinkers (like Foucault)〔G. Gutting ed., ''The Cambridge Companion to Foucault'' (2007) p. 36〕 view this as a broadly positive development for a number of reasons. First, attempts to construct grand theories tend to unduly dismiss the naturally existing chaos and disorder of the universe, the power of the individual event.〔C. Nouvet et al eds., ''Minima Moralia'' (2007) p. xii-iv〕 Second, as well as ignoring the heterogeneity or variety of human existence, metanarratives are created and reinforced by power structures and are therefore untrustworthy.
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