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micrognathism
Micrognathism, also called micrognathia, strawberry chin, hypognathia or hypogthathism, is a condition where the jaw is undersized. It is also sometimes called "Mandibular hypoplasia". It is common in infants, but is usually self-corrected during growth, due to the jaws' increasing in size. It may be a cause of abnormal tooth alignment and in severe cases can hamper feeding. It can also, both in adults and children, make intubation difficult, either during anesthesia or in emergency situations.
==Causes==
While not always pathological, it can present as a birth defect in multiple syndromes including:
*Catel–Manzke syndrome
*Bloom syndrome
*Coffin–Lowry syndrome
*congenital rubella
*Cri du chat syndrome
*DiGeorge's Syndrome
*Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
*fetal alcohol syndrome
*Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
*Hemifacial microsomia (as part of Goldenhar Syndrome)
*Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
*Marfan syndrome
*Noonan syndrome
*Pierre Robin syndrome
*Prader-Willi syndrome
*Progeria
*Russell-Silver syndrome
*Seckel syndrome
*Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
*Treacher Collins syndrome
*Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome)
*Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome)
*Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
* X0 syndrome (Turner syndrome)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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