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nekomata
Nekomata (original form: 猫また, later forms: 猫又, 猫股, 猫胯) are a kind of cat yōkai told about in folklore as well as classical kaidan, essays, etc. There are two very different types, the beast that lives in the mountains, and the ones raised domestically that grow old and transform.〔多田 (2000)、170-171頁。〕
==Mountain Nekomata==
In China, they are told in stories even older than in Japan from the Sui Dynasty like in 猫鬼 or 金花猫 that told of mysterious cats, but in Japan, in the Meigetsuki by Fujiwara no Teika in the early Kamakura period, in the beginning of Tenpuku (1233), August 2, in Nanto (now Nara Prefecture), there is a statement that a nekomata (猫胯) ate and killed several people in one night. This is the first appearance of the nekomata in literature, and the nekomata was talked about as a beast in the mountains. However, in the "Meigetsuki," concerning their appearance, it was written, "they have eyes like a cat, and have a large body like a dog," there are many who raise the question of whether or not it really is a monster of a cat,〔笹間 (1994)、127-128頁。〕 and since there are statements that people suffer an illness called the "," there is the interpretation that it is actually a beast that has caught rabies.〔石川 (1986)、696頁。〕 Also, in the essay Tsurezuregusa from the late Kamakura period (around 1331), it was written, "."〔〔平岩 (1992)、36-66頁。〕
Even the kaidan collections, the "" and the "," nekomata conceal themselves in the mountain recesses, and there are stories where deep in the mountains they would appear shapeshifted into humans, and in folk religion there are many stories of nekomata in mountainous regions.〔 The nekomata of the mountains have a tendency to be larger in later literature, and in the "," nekomata captured in the mountains of the Kii Province are as large as a wild boar, and in "" from 1775 (Anei 4), from the statement that their roaring voice echos throughout the mountain, they can be seen to be as big as a lion or a leopard. In "" from 1809 (Bunka 6), a nekomata that held a dog in its mouth had a span of 9 shaku and 5 sn (about 2.8 meters).〔
In the Etchū Province (now Toyama Prefecture), in Aizu, at the Nekomatayama said to be where nekomata would eat and kill humans (now Fukushima Prefecture), nekomata that shapeshift into humans and fool people, like Mount Nekomadake, sometimes have their legends be named after the name of the mountain.〔 Concerning Nekomatayama, it can be seen that not following folklore at all, there actually are large cats living in the mountain that attack humans.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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