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north
North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. North is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west.
==Etymology==
The word ''north'' is related to the Old High German ''nord'', both descending from the Proto-Indo-European unit ''ner-'', meaning "down" (or "under"). (Presumably a natural primitive description of its concept is "to the left of the rising sun".)
The Latin word ''borealis'' comes from the Greek ''boreas'' "north wind, north", which, according to Ovid, was personified as the son of the river-god Strymon, the father of Calais and Zetes. ''Septentrionalis'' is from ''septentriones'', "the seven plow oxen", a name of ''Ursa Maior''. The Greek ''arktikos'' is named for the same constellation, and is the derivation of the English word "Arctic".
Other languages have sometimes more interesting derivations. For example, in Lezgian, ''kefer'' can mean both 'disbelief' and 'north', since to the north of the Muslim Lezgian homeland there are areas formerly inhabited by non-Muslim Caucasian and Turkic peoples. In many languages of Mesoamerica, "north" also means "up". In Hungarian the word for north is ''észak'', which is derived from ''éjszaka'' ("night"), since above the Tropic of Cancer, the Sun never shines from the north.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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