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novelization
A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, comic strip or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
==History and purpose==
Novelizations began to be produced in the 1920s for silent films such as ''London After Midnight'' (1927). One of the first talking movies to be novelized was ''King Kong'' (1933). Film novelizations were especially profitable during the 1970s before home video became available,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chicagoreader.com/Bleader/archives/2011/11/18/youve-seen-the-movienow-write-the-book )〕 as they were then the only way to re-experience popular movies. The novelizations of ''Star Wars'' (1977) and ''Alien'' (1979) sold millions of copies.
Even after the advent of home video, film novelizations remain popular, with the adaptation of ''Godzilla'' (2014) being included on ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list for mass-market paperbacks. This has been attributed to these novels' appeal to fans: About 50% of novelizations are sold to people who have watched the film and want to explore its characters further, or to reconnect to the enthusiasm they experienced when watching the film.〔 A film is therefore also a sort of commercial for its novelization.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/01/movies/film-to-some-a-movie-is-just-an-outline-for-a-book.html )〕 Conversely, film novelizations help generate publicity for upcoming films, serving as a link in the film's marketing chain.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://davidmorrell.net/rambo-pages/david-morrell-on-rambo/ )〕
According to publishing industry estimates, about one or two percent of the audience of a film will buy its novelization. This makes these relatively inexpensively produced works a commercially attractive proposition in the case of blockbuster film franchises. The increasing number of previously established novelists taking on tie-in works has been credited with these works gaining a "patina of respectability" after they had previously been disregarded in literary circles as derivative and mere merchandise.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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