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obsolescence
Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer wanted even though it may still be in good working order. Obsolescence frequently occurs because a replacement has become available that has, in sum, more advantages than the inconvenience related to repurchasing the replacement. Obsolete refers to something that is already disused or discarded, or antiquated.〔Fowler HW and Fowler FG (1st ed.), Thompson Delia (ed.) (1995). ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English'', 9th Ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-861319-9.〕 Typically, obsolescence is preceded by a gradual decline in popularity.
==Consequences==
Driven by rapid technological changes, new components are developed and launched on the market with increasing speed. The result is a dramatic change in production methods of all components and their market availability. A growing industry sector is facing issues where life cycles of products no longer fit together with life cycles of required components. This issue is known as obsolescence, the status given to a part when it is no longer available from its original manufacturer. The problem of obsolescence is most prevalent for electronics technology, wherein the procurement lifetimes for microelectronic parts are often significantly shorter than the manufacturing and support life cycles for the products that use the parts. However, obsolescence extends beyond electronic components to other items, such as materials, textiles, and mechanical parts. In addition, obsolescence has been shown to appear for software, specifications, standards, processes, and soft resources, such as human skills. It is highly important to implement and operate an active management of obsolescence to mitigate and avoid extreme costs.〔 Bjoern Bartels, Ulrich Ermel, Peter Sandborn and Michael G. Pecht (2012). ''Strategies to the Prediction, Mitigation and Management of Product Obsolescence'', 1st. Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. ISBN 1-11-814064-8 .〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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