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|Section2= }} Oleocanthal is a phenylethanoid, a type of natural phenolic compound found in extra-virgin olive oil. It appears to be responsible for the burning sensation that occurs in the back of the throat when consuming such oil. Oleocanthal is a tyrosol ester and its chemical structure is related to oleuropein, also found in olive oil. == Anti-inflammatory == Oleocanthal has been found to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties ''in vitro''. Similar to classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it is a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX). 50g (more than three and a half tablespoons) of a typical extra virgin olive oil per day contains an amount of oleocanthal with similar ''in vitro'' anti-inflammatory effect as 1/10 of the adult ibuprofen dose.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Extra-virgin olive oil mimics painkiller )〕 It is therefore suggested that long-term consumption of small quantities may be responsible in part for the low incidence of heart disease and Alzheimer's disease associated with a Mediterranean diet. However, 50 g is a great deal of olive oil for most consumers; moreover, the absorption, metabolism, and distribution of oleocanthal is not well-characterized, and it is not known whether these ''in vitro'' effects actually occur in the body. "Against this background, the ''in vivo'' anti-inflammatory effects of dietary oleocanthal cannot be as relevant as hypothesized by Beauchamp ''et al''."〔 Oleocanthal is an activator of the TRPA1 ion channel, which is activated by ibuprofen. This appears to be responsible for the burning sensation when consuming extra-virgin olive oil. Recently it has been demonstrated that oleocanthal shows potential as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of inflammatory degenerative joint diseases. Oleocanthal inhibits LPS-induced NO production in J774 macrophages, without affecting cell viability. Moreover, it inhibits MIP-1α and IL-6 mRNA expression, as well as protein synthesis, in both ATDC5 chondrocytes and J774 macrophages. Oleocanthal also inhibits IL-1β, TNF-α and GM-CSF protein synthesis from LPS-stimulated macrophages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「oleocanthal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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