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An onomatopoeia (, or chiefly NZ ; from the Greek ὀνοματοποιία;〔(ὀνοματοποιία ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 ὄνομα for "name"〔(ὄνομα ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 and ποιέω for "I make",〔(ποιέω ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 adjectival form: "onomatopoeic" or "onomatopoetic") is a word that phonetically imitates, resembles or suggests the source of the sound that it describes. Onomatopoeia (as an uncountable noun) refers to the property of such words. Common occurrences of onomatopoeias include animal noises such as "oink", "miaow" (or "meow"), "roar" or "chirp". Onomatopoeias are not the same across all languages; they conform to some extent to the broader linguistic system they are part of;〔(Onomatopoeia as a Figure and a Linguistic Principle ), Hugh Bredin, The Johns Hopkins University, Retrieved November 14, 2013〕〔(Definition of Onomatopoeia ), Retrieved November 14, 2013〕 hence the sound of a clock may be ''tick tock'' in English, ''dī dā'' in Mandarin, or ''katchin katchin'' in Japanese, or "tik-tik" (टिक-टिक) in Hindi. Although in the English language the term onomatopoeia means the imitation of a sound, in the Greek language the compound word onomatopoeia (ονοματοποιία) means "making or creating names". For words that imitate sounds, the term Ηχομιμητικό (echomimetico or echomimetic) is used. Ηχομιμητικό (echomimetico) derives from Ηχώ, meaning "echo or sound" and μιμητικό, meaning "mimetic or imitation". ==Uses of onomatopoeia== In the case of a frog croaking, the spelling may vary because different frog species around the world make different sounds: Ancient Greek ''brekekekex koax koax'' (only in Aristophanes' comic play ''The Frogs'') for probably ''marsh frogs''; English ''ribbit'' for species of frog found in North America; English verb ''croak'' for the ''common frog''. Some other very common English-language examples include ''hiccup'', ''zoom'', ''bang'', ''beep'', ''moo'', and ''splash''. Machines and their sounds are also often described with onomatopoeia, as in ''honk'' or ''beep-beep'' for the horn of an automobile, and ''vroom'' or ''brum'' for the engine. When someone speaks of a mishap involving an audible arcing of electricity, the word "zap" is often used (and has subsequently been expanded and used to describe non-auditory effects generally connoting the same sort of localized but thorough interference or destruction similar to that produced in short-circuit sparking). For animal sounds, words like ''quack'' (duck), ''moo'' (cow), ''bark'' or ''woof'' (dog), ''roar'' (lion), ''meow''/''miaow'' or ''purr'' (cat), ''cluck'' (chicken) and ''baa'' (sheep) are typically used in English. Some of these words are used both as nouns and as verbs. Some languages flexibly integrate onomatopoeic words into their structure. This may evolve into a new word, up to the point that it is no longer recognized as onomatopoeia. One example is English "bleat" for the sheep noise: in medieval times it was pronounced approximately as "blairt" (but without an R-component), or "blet" with the vowel drawled, which is much more accurate as onomatopoeia than the modern pronunciation. An example of the opposite case is "cuckoo", which, due to continuous familiarity with the bird noise down the centuries, has kept approximately the same pronunciation as in Anglo-Saxon times and its vowels have not changed as they have in the word "furrow". Verba dicendi are a method of integrating onomatopoeia and ideophones into grammar. Sometimes things are named from the sounds they make. In English, for example, there is the universal fastener which is named for the onomatopoeic of the sound it makes: the zip (in the UK) or zipper (in the U.S.). Many birds are named after their calls, such as the bobwhite quail, the weero, the morepork, the killdeer, chickadee, the cuckoo, the chiffchaff, the whooping crane, the whip-poor-will, and the kookaburra. In Tamil and Malayalam, the word for crow is ''kaakaa''. This practice is especially common in certain languages such as Māori and, therefore, in names of animals borrowed from these languages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「onomatopoeia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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