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oriflamme
The Oriflamme (from Latin ''aurea flamma'', "golden flame") was the battle standard of the King of France in the Middle Ages. It was originally the sacred banner of the Abbey of St. Denis,〔(Oriflamme Society )〕 a monastery near Paris. When the oriflamme was raised in battle by the French royalty during the Middle Ages, most notably during the Hundred Years War, no prisoners were to be taken until it was lowered. This tactic hoped to strike fear into the hearts of the enemy, especially the nobles, who could usually expect to be taken alive for ransom during such military encounters.〔Robert Southey (1841) '' Joan of Arc: a poem'', Longman et autres. (p. 280 )〕
In French, the term "''oriflamme''" has come to mean any banner with pointed ends; by association with the form of the original.
== Legendary origin ==
The Oriflamme was mentioned in the eleventh-century ballad the ''Chanson de Roland'' (vv. 3093-5) as a royal banner, first called ''Romaine'' and then ''Montjoie''.〔 According to legend, Charlemagne carried it to the Holy Land in response to a prophecy regarding a knight possessing a golden lance, from which flames would burn and drive out the Saracens. This suggests that the ''lance'' was originally the important object, with the banner simply a decoration, but this changed over time.〔(Heraldica.org )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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