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palas
A ''palas'' (from the Late Latin ''palatium'' = imperial court 〔German: ''kaiserlicher Hof''〕 via the Old French ''pales'' or ''palais'') is a German term for the imposing or prestigious building of a medieval ''Pfalz'' or castle that contained the great hall. Such buildings appeared during the Romanesque period (11th to 13th century).
Thanks to 19th-century studies of castles ("castle science"), the term ''palas'' is often used as a generic term used for covered halls in castles; however, the architectural and historical use of the term is restricted by other authors to the Romanesque hall building.〔
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== Design ==
The stone hall of a ''palas'' has an elongated rectangular floor plan. Frequently, the building has cellars or is provided with a basement. The main floors (usually two, sometimes even more) are well lit by arched windows that are often grouped to form arcades. Rich architectural sculpture is often found here in order to enhance the prestige of the hall. The great hall, located on the first floor, occupies the entire floor area of the building and is reached by a separate staircase. Often, the hall is divided by a row of columns into two aisles, but can also be vaulted. Multi-storey ''palas'' buildings may also contain several superimposed halls. The great hall was used mainly in the summer, because it was difficult to heat, whilst in winter the cabinet (''Kemenate'') was the preferred living room. The heated area was often referred to as the ''dürnitz'' and usually located on the ground floor, below the great hall. The ''palas'' was usually covered by a gabled roof.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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