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parasuicide
Parasuicide (from Greek παρά, ''para-'', "near" or "resembling" and suicide) is a suicide attempt or gesture and self-harm where there is no result in death. It is a non-fatal act in which a person deliberately causes injury to him or herself or ingests any prescribed or generally recognised therapeutic dose in excess. The term was first coined in Edinburgh by Norman Kreitman.〔Kreitman N., Parasuicide. Chichester: Wiley, 1977〕 It is considered to be a serious public health issue. Parasuicide is the strongest known indicator for a future successful suicide attempt. Other researchers also include those in the definition who attempt suicide with the intent to kill themselves. Studies have found that about half of those who complete suicide have a history of parasuicide. Parasuicide is most common in adolescents and young adults.
==Suicidal gestures==
Examples of suicidal gestures include cutting, where the cut is not deep enough to cause significant blood loss, or taking a non-lethal overdose of medication. This differs from self-harm in that, in self-harm, the person's primary intention is to relieve unbearable emotions, sensations of unreality, or feelings of numbness by injuring their body. Suicidal gestures are typically done to alert others of the seriousness of the individual's depression or suicidal ideation, and are usually treated as actual suicide attempts by hospital staff. Some suicidal gestures do lead to death, despite the individual not having the intention of dying. Studies show that 1% of patients who self-harm will complete suicide within two years of the first act.〔Semple, David. "Oxford handbook of Psychiatry" 2005.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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