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Parikrama or Pradakshina refers to circumambulation of sacred places in Hindu, Jain or Buddhist context. Parikrama means "the path surrounding something" in Sanskrit, and is also known as Pradakshina ("to the right"), representing circumambulation. Both words are mostly used in the context of religious deities in a temple, sacred rivers, sacred hills and a close cluster of temples, and "doing a parikrama" as a symbol of prayer is an integral part of Hindu worship.〔〔http://www.hindunet.org/faq/fom-serv/cache/31.html Why do we perform Pradakshina or Parikrama?〕〔http://www.hinduism.co.za/kaabaa.htm Kaaba a Hindu Temple?Hindus invariably circumambulate around their deities〕 Most Hindu temple structures include various Pradaksina paths. Pradaksina paths are defined.〔(Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent — glossary )〕 as: ''Circumbulatory or pathway around the shrine of the temples by keeping time is a common form of prayer in India. This pathway made of stone around the shrine is called Pradakshina path.'' There could be one surrounding the main deity, other paths could be broader being concentric to the main path. However, it is not uncommon to find non-concentric parikrama paths in a single temple structure. At times the outermost parikrama path covers the whole village/town/city, thereby implying that the length of the path can stretch.〔 Parikrama is done around sacred fire (Agni – the fire God), Tulsi plant〔http://www.kamat.com/indica/culture/sub-cultures/pradakshina.htm The Concept of Pradaksina〕 (Ocimum tenuiflorum) and Peepal tree.〔(Darbashayanam )〕 Parikrama of Agni or Agni Pradakshina is a part of the Hindu marriage ceremony.〔(Some reflections on fire in Hindu and other wedding ceremonies, and on Agni Pradakshina, circling the fire. )〕 Some of the Parikramas are Narmada River, Govardhan hill, Vrindavan, Vraj Mandala, Panchkosi, Lili, Chitrakoot ? hill, Varanasi, Mathura-Vrindavan Yugalabandi in Kartik ..... Typically, Parikrama is done after the completion of traditional worship (puja) and after paying homage to the deity. Parikrama is supposed to be done with a meditative mood. *The pathway made of granite stone around the shrine is called the Pradakshina path.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent - glossary )〕 *Pradakshina around the sacred fire is a part of the Hindu marriage ceremony.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Some reflections on fire in Hindu and other wedding ceremonies, and on Agni Pradakshina, circling the fire )〕 Parikrama is also practiced in Buddhism,〔 Jainism and Sikhism. ==Legend== A legend related to goddess Parvati (Shiva's wife) and her two sons illustrates the importance of Pradakshina or Parikrama. It is said that the goddess asked her two sons to circumambulate the universe to gain worldly knowledge. While her second son kartikeyan spent decades to go round the world on his peacock, his first son Ganesha walked a full circle around his mother and justified his action by stating that the World was contained within th figure of the mother. This legend justifies the importance that Hindus attach to the practice of Parikrama, and also the importance of motherhood in Hindu psychology. Another (patriarchal) version of the same story replaces the figure of Parvati with Shiva himself. 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「parikrama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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