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''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *''Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná (Amazon Basin) *''Paullinia cururu'' *''Paullinia fuscescens'' *''Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *''Paullinia pinnata'' *''Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco ==Uses== Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with ''P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably ''P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably ''P. cururu'' is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American tribes in South America. Similarly, the long flexible stems of ''Paullinia pinnata'' are used to poison fish in shallow pools, as described by the English naturalist Henry Walter Bates in his book ''The Naturalist on the River Amazons''.〔 Bates, H. W. (1864). ''The naturalist on the River Amazons, a record of adventures, habits of animals, sketches of Brazilian and Indian life and aspects of nature under the Equator during eleven years of travel''. London: J. Murray. Second edition. (Reprinted in paperback facsimile, Elibron Classics, 2005.) Page 242.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「paullinia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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