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Peneral (originally Peñeraal of a Spanish origin) is a town in south Trinidad and Tobago. It lies south of San Fernando and Debe, and north of Siparia. It was originally a rice and cocoa producing area but is now a rapidly expanding and developing town. The population is 12,281.〔http://www.citypopulation.de/Trinidad.html〕 The heart of Penal contains many businesses while the outskirts focus on agricultural development. Penal has a police station, branches of three banks (Scotiabank, Republic Bank and First Citizens Bank) health facilities, photo studios, fast food restaurants, service stations and clothing stores. Penal plays a major role in the energy supply to the nation's populace. Petrotrin, the national oil company, has a major sub-unit in Clarke Road and the National Gas Company has gas lines running through Penal that links the gas fields of the South East Coast and the industrial estates. One of the countries three major power generating plants owned by Powergen Ltd is located at Syne Village to the west of Penal. The area is known for the High Schools located in the Penal-Debe area. It is one of the areas in Trinidad that has the most schools. Debe and Penal is also known for the Doubles, Roti and Aloo-Pies, which are always packed with customers for delicious cuisine. Penal is administered by the Penal-Debe Regional Corporation. == Industries == The Penal Power Station is situated at Syne Village, Penal, which is located in the heart of the oil belt. This site was chosen because of the abundance of cheap fuel (natural gas), which had very little commercial value at that time. Construction of the Plant began in 1950 with the establishment of an 11,400 Volt Busbar System and the installation of a 5,000 kilowatt Steam Turbo-Generator commissioned in 1953. Water: Water for steam production and condenser cooling for the Plant is obtained from surface water collected from the (Penal) Moora Dam. Boiler Unit: Steam for the steam turbine was supplied by a boiler rated at a steam flow of , steam pressure of and super-heater outlet temperature of . In 1955, another similar 5,000 kilowatt Steam Turbo-Generator unit was commissioned. The year 1957 saw the addition of a 20,000 kilowatt Steam Turbo-Generator with its boiler rated at a steam flow of , pressure of and super-heater outlet temperature of . With the anticipated expansion of the generating capacity of the Penal Plant, two important developments took place between 1958 and 1960: (i) a 33,000 volt (33 kv) Busbar System was installed; and (ii) The Mora Dam having a storage capacity of approximately was built to accommodate the accompanying increased demand for water. In 1960 and 1962, two other 20,000 kilowatt Steam Turbo-Generator units, with similar boiler ratings, were commissioned and went into service, bringing the total installed capacity of the Penal Power Station to 70,000 kilowatts (more commonly expressed as 70 megawatts, or 70 MW). In 1976, two 20,000 kilowatt Simple Cycle Gas Turbine-Generator units were added, increasing the total installed capacity of the Penal Power Station to 110 MW and providing "Black Start Capability", which is the ability to start up independently of the power grid. The largest development took place at the Penal Power Station during the period 1982 to 1985 with the construction of a 66,000 volt (66kv) Switch-house utilising Gas Insulated Switchgear (SF6) and a 196,000 kilowatt (196 MW) Combined Cycle Plant. This Plant consisted of two GE Frame7 Gas Turbines, each exhausting into a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) and one GE Steam Turbine, having design steam conditions of and temperature of . The present total installed capacity of the Penal Plant is now 236,000 kilowatts (236 MW) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「penal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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