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Penicillamine, sold under the trade names of Cuprimine and Depen, is a medication of the chelator class.〔 It is ''D''-penicillamine, as ''L''-penicillamine is toxic (it inhibits the action of pyridoxine). It is an α-amino acid metabolite of penicillin, although it has no antibiotic properties. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system. ==Medical uses== Penicillamine is used as a form of immunosuppression to treat rheumatoid arthritis. It works by reducing numbers of T-lymphocytes, inhibiting macrophage function, decreasing IL-1, decreasing rheumatoid factor, and preventing collagen from cross-linking. It is used as a chelating agent: * In Wilson's disease, a rare genetic disorder of copper metabolism, penicillamine treatment relies on its binding to accumulated copper and elimination through urine. * In cystinuria, a hereditary disorder featuring formation of cystine stones, penicillamine binds with cysteine to yield a mixed disulfide which is more soluble than cystine. * Penicillamine has been used to treat scleroderma. * Penicillamine was the second line treatment for arsenic poisoning, after dimercaprol (BAL). It is no longer recommended. * Penicillamine can be used as DMARD (Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「penicillamine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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