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(Western) (Eastern) |date = (Western) (Eastern) |date = (Western) (Eastern) |observances=Prayer, Vigils, Fasting (pre-festival), Novenas, Retreats Holy Communion, Litany |celebrations=Religious (church) services, Festive meals, Processions, Baptism, Confirmation, Ordination, Folk customs, Dancing, Spring & woodland rites, Festive clothing. |type=Christian |significance=Celebrates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and other followers of Jesus |relatedto=Shavuot, historically and symbolically; Septuagesima, Sexagesima, Quinquagesima, Shrove Tuesday, Ash Wednesday, Lent, Palm Sunday, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy Saturday which lead up to Easter; and Ascension, Trinity Sunday, and Corpus Christi which follow it. }} Pentecost (, ''Pentēkostē ()'', "the fiftieth ()") is the Greek name for ''Shavuot'' ((ヘブライ語:שבועות), lit. "Weeks"), the Feast of Weeks, a prominent feast in the calendar of ancient Israel celebrating the giving of the Law to Moses at Sinai. In Christianity, Pentecost is celebrated fifty days after Easter Sunday, inclusively (i.e. 49 days with the first day counted, seven weeks), hence its name.〔Catholic Encyclopedia, (Pentecost (Whitsunday) ).〕〔Note the date calculation is the same with Orthodox Christianity but on the Julian Calender.〕 In Judaism, ''Shavuot'' is on the sixth day of the Hebrew month of Sivan (late May or early June). Pentecost falls on the tenth day after Ascension Thursday (which falls 40 days after Easter). The feast is also called ''White Sunday'', or "Whitsunday", especially in the United Kingdom where Whit Monday, the following Monday, was traditionally a public holiday. In Eastern Christianity, Pentecost can also refer to the whole fifty days between Easter and Pentecost, hence the book containing the liturgical texts for Paschaltide is called the Pentecostarion. In the New Testament, Pentecost was the occasion of the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and other followers of Jesus Christ, as described in the Acts of the Apostles . and therefore in the Christian liturgical year, it became a feast commemorating this occasion. For this reason, Pentecost is described by some Christians as the "Birthday of the Church".〔http://americancatholic.org/Messenger/Jun2003/Family.asp, accessed 31 July 2015〕 The Pentecostal movement of Christianity derives its name from this New Testament event, as the movement emphasizes direct personal experience with God, akin to the Descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles. ==Old Testament== (詳細はShavuot'' or ''Shevuot'', literally "Festival of the Weeks"), which can be found in the Hebrew Bible. Shavuot is called the Festival of the Weeks (Hebrew: חג השבועות, chag ha-Shavuot, Exodus 34:22, Deuteronomy 16:10 ); Festival of Reaping (Hebrew: חג הקציר, chag ha-Katsir, Exodus 23:16 ), and Day of the First Fruits (Hebrew יום הביכורים, Yom ha-Bikkurim, Numbers 28:26 ). The reading of the Book of Ruth is traditionally done in Jewish tradition at Pentecost, which links with the agricultural/harvest theme of the day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「pentecost」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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