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A Peshwa ((マラーティー語:पेशवे)) is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. They were leader in miltary expeditions and great strategist and expanded Maratha Empire. The founder of the Maratha Empire, Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsle created the 'Peshwa' designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. The first Peshwa was Moropant Pingale who was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Council Of Eight (English-Ashtapradhan Mandal, Marathi-अष्टप्रधान मंडळ) by Shivaji Maharaj. The Peshwas were all ministers who initially started as the chief executives to the king. The Peshwas held the highest administrative office and also controlled the Maratha confederacy. Under the Chitpavan Brahmin Bhat family they became the ''de facto'' hereditary administrators of the Maratha Empire from 1718 till its end in 1818. Under Peshwa administration and with the support of several key generals and diplomats (listed below), the Maratha Empire reached its zenith, ruling most of the Indian subcontinent landmass. It was also under the Peshwas that the Maratha Empire came to its end through its formal annexation into the British Empire by the British East India Company in 1818. ==The Title of Peshwa== The word Peshwa is from Persian ''pēshwā'', meaning "foremost, leader".〔under Jahangir, M. Learning focus. Longman History & Civics ICSE 7, 84.〕 After his coronation in Shivaji Maharaj in 1674, he appointed Moropant Trimbak Pingle as the first Peshwa. Shivaji Maharaj renamed this designation as ''Pantpradhan'' in 1674 but this term is less commonly used. Today, the surname "Peshwe" (alternatively "Peshave") or "Peshwa" is found both among Chitpavans (tracing descent to the (Bhat) Deshmukh clan, notably Bajirao I), Deshasthas (tracing descent to Moropant Pingle, Sonopant Dabir and a certain clan from Jejuri, Pune), as well as some Maratha (Kshatriya) families of Vidarbha (by titulary heritage). They were also known as kings. Peshwa the king He was the king of kings.... 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「peshwa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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