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phosphorylcholine
:''Phosphorylcholine refers to the functional group derived from phosphocholine. Also not to be confused with phosphatidylcholine.''
Phosphorylcholine (abbreviated ChoP) is the hydrophilic polar head group of some phospholipids, which is composed of a negatively charged phosphate bonded to a small, positively charged choline group. Phosphorylcholine is part of platelet-activating factor; the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine as well as sphingomyelin, the only phospholipid of the membrane that is not built with a glycerol backbone.〔Karp, G., Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. Sixth Edition ed2009: Wiley. p. 48, p.123. http://www.amazon.com/Cell-Molecular-Biology-Concepts-Experiments/dp/0470483377/ref=dp_ob_title_bk〕 Treatment of cell membranes, like those of RBCs, by certain enzymes, like some phospholipase A2 renders the phosphorylcholine moiety exposed to the external aqueous phase, and thus accessible for recognition by the immune system. Antibodies against phosphorylcholine are naturally occurring autoantibodies that are created by CD5+/B-1 B cells and are referred to as non-pathogenic autoantibodies.
==Thrombus-resistant stents==
In the field of interventional cardiology, phosphorylcholine is used as a synthetic polymer based coating, applied to drug-eluting stents, to prevent the occurrence of coronary artery restenosis. The first application of this approach for use on stents evolved from efforts by Hayward and Chapman ''et al.'', who demonstrated that the phosphorylcholine component of the outer surface of the erythrocyte bilayer was non-thrombogenic.〔J.A. Hayward and D. Chapman, Biomembrane surfaces as models for polymer design: the potential for haemocompatibility, Biomaterials 5 (1984), pp. 135–142. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T3R-4JDN677-8&_user=128860&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000010638&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=128860&md5=4f6c66e34975a875c63d472a8895cd66 Retrieved on 2009-02-09〕 To date, more than 120,000 Phosphorylcholine-coated stents have been implanted in patients with no apparent deleterious effect in the long term compared to bare metal stent technologies.〔A.L. Lewis, L.A. Tolhurst and P.W. Stratford, Analysis of a phosphorylcholine-based polymer coating on a coronary stent pre- and post-implantation, Biomaterials 23 (2002), pp. 1697–1706. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T3R-4JDN677-8&_user=128860&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000010638&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=128860&md5=4f6c66e34975a875c63d472a8895cd66 Retrieved on 2009-02-09〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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