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picul
A picul 〔http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50178784 "Picul" entry] at the OED Online.〕
or tam〔(【引用サイトリンク】work = The Law of Hong Kong )〕 is a traditional Asian unit of weight, defined as "a shoulder-load, as much as a man can carry on a shoulder-pole".〔
==History==
The word ''pikul'' appeared as early as the mid 9th century in Javanese.
Following Spanish, Portuguese, British and most especially the Dutch colonial maritime trade, the term ''picul'' was both a convenient unit, and a lingua franca unit that was widely understood and employed by other Austronesians (in modern Malaysia and the Philippines) and their centuries-old trading relations with Indians, Chinese and Arabs. It remained a convenient reference unit for many commercial trade journals in the 19th century. One example is ''Hunts Merchant Magazine'' of 1859 giving detailed tables of expected prices of various commodities, such as coffee, e.g. one pikul of Javanese coffee could be expected to be bought from 8 to 8.50 Spanish dollars in Batavia and Singapore.〔Freeman Hunt, Thomas Prentice Kettell, William Buck Dana. ''Hunt's merchants' magazine and commercial review, Volume 41''.Freeman Hunt, 1859 Google PDF download: ()〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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