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Piphilology comprises the creation and use of mnemonic techniques to remember a span of digits of the mathematical constant . The word is a play on the word "pi" itself and of the linguistic field of philology. There are many ways to memorize , including the use of ''piems'' (a portmanteau, formed by combining pi and poem), which are poems that represent in a way such that the length of each word (in letters) represents a digit. Here is an example of a piem: "How I need a drink, alcoholic in nature after the heavy lectures involving quantum mechanics." Notice how the first word has three letters, the second word has one, the third has four, the fourth has one, the fifth has five, and so on. In longer examples, 10-letter words are used to represent the digit zero, and this rule is extended to handle repeated digits in so-called Pilish writing. The short story "Cadaeic Cadenza" records the first 3834 digits of in this manner, and a 10,000-word novel, ''Not A Wake'', has been written accordingly.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-03-03 )〕 However, piems prove to be inefficient for large memorizations of . Other methods include remembering patterns in the numbers (for instance, the year 1971 appears in the first fifty digits of ) and the method of loci (which has been used to memorize to 67,890 digits).〔Raz A, Packard MG, Alexander GM, Buhle JT, Zhu H, Yu S, Peterson BS. (2009). A slice of pi : An exploratory neuroimaging study of digit encoding and retrieval in a superior memorist. Neurocase. 6:1-12. PMID 19585350〕 ==History== Until the 20th century, the number of digits of pi which mathematicians have had the stamina to calculate by hand remained in the hundreds, so that memorization of ''all'' known digits at the time was possible. In 1949 a computer was used to calculate π to 2000 places, presenting one of the earliest opportunities for a more difficult challenge. Later computers calculated pi to extraordinary numbers of digits (2.7 trillion as of August 2010)〔 , and people began memorizing more and more of the output. The world record for the number of digits memorized has exploded since the mid-1990s, and it stood at 100,000 as of October 2006.〔 〕 The previous record (83,431) was set by the same person (Akira Haraguchi) on July 2, 2005, and the record previous to that (42,195) was held by Hiroyuki Goto. An institution from Germany provides the details of the “Pi World Ranking”; see the website at http://www.pi-world-ranking-list.com. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「piphilology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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