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plasmacytoma
Plasmacytoma refers to a malignant plasma cell tumor growing within soft tissue or within the axial skeleton. There are three distinct groups of plasmacytoma defined by the International Myeloma Working Group: solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB), extramedullary plasmacytoma (EP) and multiple plasmacytomas that are either primary or recurrent.〔 The most common of these is SPB, accounting for 3–5% of all plasma cell malignancies.〔 SPBs occur as lytic lesions within the axial skeleton and EPs most often occur in the upper respiratory tract (85%), but can occur in any soft tissue. Approximately half of all cases produce paraproteinemia. SPBs and EPs are mostly treated with radiotherapy, but surgery is used in some cases of EP. The skeletal forms frequently progress to multiple myeloma over the course of 2–4 years.〔 Due to their cellular similarity, plasmacytomas have to be differentiated from multiple myeloma. For SPB and EP the distinction is the presence of only one lesion (either in bone or soft tissue), normal bone marrow (<5% plasma cells), normal skeletal survey, absent or low paraprotein and no end organ damage.〔
==Terminology==
There can be some ambiguity when using the word. "Plasmacytoma" is sometimes equated with "plasma cell dyscrasia" or "solitary myeloma". It is often used as part of the phrase "solitary plasmacytoma". or as part of the phrase "extramedullary plasmacytoma". In this context, "extramedullary" means outside of the bone marrow.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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