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plasmon
In physics, a plasmon is a quantum of plasma oscillation. As light consists of photons, so the plasma oscillation consists of plasmons. The plasmon can be considered a quasiparticle since it arises from the quantization of plasma oscillations, just like phonons are quantizations of mechanical vibrations. Thus, plasmons are collective (a discrete number) oscillations of the free electron gas density, for example, at optical frequencies. Plasmons can couple with a photon to create another quasiparticle called a plasma polariton.
== Derivation ==
The plasmon was initially proposed in 1952 by David Pines and David Bohm〔David Pines, David Bohm: ''A Collective Description of Electron Interactions: II. Collective vs Individual Particle Aspects of the Interactions'', Phys. Rev. 85, 338, 15 January 1952. Cited after: 〕 and was shown to arise from a Hamiltonian for the long-range electron-electron correlations.〔 Cited after: 〕
Since plasmons are the quantization of classical plasma oscillations, most of their properties can be derived directly from Maxwell's equations.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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