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''Preservationist'' is generally understood to mean historic preservationist: one who advocates to preserve architecturally or historically significant buildings, structures, objects or sites from demolition or degradation. ''Historic preservation'' usually refers to the preservation of the built environment, not to preservation of, for instance, primeval forests or wilderness.〔Maryland Association of Historic District Commissions, ''(Handbook )'' (1997).〕 ==Other uses of the term== Persons who work to preserve ancient or endangered languages are called language preservationists. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=11171&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html )〕 *Clarification: ''Ethnologue,'' a reference work published by SIL International, has cataloged the world’s known living languages, and it estimates that 417 languages are on the verge of extinction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ethnologue.com/ )〕 Preservationist is also sometimes used in the natural environmentalist field, but while the natural environment conservationist movements preserve ecosystems and the natural environment, this movement is widely known as ''conservation'' or ''environmentalism''. *Clarification: A key difference between the Preservationist and Conservationist environmentalist schools is this: Preservationists view the environment as having intrinsic value that should be preserved by making as little change to it as possible. Conservationists view the environment as having instrumental value that can be of help to people,〔Charles Earle Funk, ''What's the Name, Please?'', Funk & Wagnalls, 1936.〕 and generally accept Gifford Pinchot's notion of sustainable yield: that man can harvest some forest or animal products from a natural environment on a regular basis without compromising the long-health of the ecosystem.〔W.N. Sparhawk, "The History of Forestry in America" in Trees: Yearbook of Agriculture,1949. Washington,D.C.〕 Preservationism has been defined by Richard Heinberg in his book ''Powerdown: Options and Actions for a Post-Carbon World'' as distinguishing survivalist groups who wish merely to survive a collapse of civilization from preservationist communities who wish to preserve as much of human culture as is possible in the event of collapse. *Clarification: The idea of preservationist communities is part of a broader strategy in which individuals achieve independence from the centralized power grid, forming sustainable communities that could provide mutual support in the event of critical depletion of non-renewable resources.〔Powerdown: Options and Actions for a Post-Carbon World (ISBN 9780865715103) (2004; British edition 2005)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「preservationist」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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