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The Latin term ''primicerius'', hellenized as ''primikērios'' ((ギリシア語:πριμικήριος)), was a title applied in the later Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire to the heads of administrative departments, and also used by the Church to denote the heads of various colleges. Etymologically the term derives from ''primus in cera'', which is to say ''in tabula cerata'', the first name in a list of a class of officials, which was usually inscribed on a waxed tablet. == Civil and military == From their origin in the court of the Dominate, there were several ''primicerii'' (''primikērioi'' in Greek, from the 12th century usually spelled ''primmikērioi''). In the court, there was the ''primicerius sacri cubiculi'' (in Byzantine times the ''primikērios'' of the ''kouboukleion''), in charge of the emperor's bedchamber, almost always a eunuch. The title was also given to court officials in combination with other offices connected to the imperial person, such as the special treasury (''eidikon'') or the imperial wardrobe (''vestiarion''). Other ''primicerii'' headed some of the ''scrinia'' (departments) of the palace, chiefly the ''notarii'' (''notarioi'' or ''taboularioi'' in Byzantine sources). In the Late Roman army, the ''primicerius'' was a rank junior to the ''tribunus'' and senior to the ''senator''.〔 They are best attested in units associated with the imperial court, chiefly imperial guards. Thus in the 4th to 6th centuries there were the ''primicerii'' of the ''protectores domestici'' and of the ''Scholae Palatinae'', but also ''primicerii'' in charge of the armament factories (''fabricae''), which, like the ''Scholae'', where under the jurisdiction of the ''magister officiorum''.〔〔 ''Primicerii'' are also to be found in the staffs of regional military commanders (''duces''), as well as in some regular military units.〔 In the later Byzantine era, under the Komnenian emperors, ''primikērioi'' appear as commanders in the palace regiments of the ''Manglabitai'', ''Vardariōtai'', ''Vestiaritai'' and the Varangians.〔 In the late 11th century, the dignity of ''megas prim()ikērios'' ("Grand Primicerius") was established, which ranked very high in court hierarchy well into the Palaiologan period, where he functioned as a chief of ceremonies. ''Prim()ikērioi'' continue to be in evidence in the Byzantine Empire and the Despotate of Morea until their fall to the Ottomans.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「primicerius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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