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proline
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Proline (abbreviated as Pro or P) is an α-amino acid, one of the twenty main amino acids. Its codons are CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG. It isn't essential, meaning the human body can make it. Uniquely among the 23 protein-forming amino acids, its amine nitrogen is bound to not one but two alkyl groups, thus making it a secondary amine (proline is sometimes called an imino acid). The more common L form has ''S'' configuration.
== Biosynthesis ==
Proline is biosynthetically derived from the amino acid L-glutamate. Glutamate-5-semialdehyde is first formed by glutamate 5-kinase (ATP-dependent) and glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (which requires NADH or NADPH). This can then either spontaneously cyclize to form 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, which is reduced to proline by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (using NADH or NADPH), or turned into ornithine by ornithine aminotransferase, followed by cyclisation by ornithine cyclodeaminase to form proline.〔.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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