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prothonotary
The word prothonotary is recorded in English since 1447, as "principal clerk of a court," from L.L. ''prothonotarius'' (c. 400), from Greek ''protonotarios'' "first scribe," originally the chief of the college of recorders of the court of the Byzantine Empire, from Greek ' ''protos'' "first" + Latin ''notarius'' ("notary"); the -h- appeared in Medieval Latin. The title was awarded to certain high-ranking notaries.
== Byzantine usage ==
The office of ''prōtonotarios'' ((ギリシア語:πρωτονοτάριος)), also ''proedros'' or ''primikērios'' of the ''notarioi'', existed in mid-Byzantine (7th through 10th centuries) administration as head of the colleges of the ''notarioi'' in various administrative departments. There were ''prōtonotarioi'' of the imperial ''notarioi'' (secretaries of the court), of the various ''sekreta'' or ''logothesia'' (government ministries), as well as for each ''thema'' or province.〔
* 〕 The latter appeared in the early 9th century and functioned as the chief civil officials of the province, directly below the governing general (''stratēgos''). They were responsible chiefly for administrative and fiscal affairs (characteristically, they belonged to the financial ministry of the ''Sakellion''), and were also responsible for the provisioning of the thematic armies. The office vanished after the 11th and 12th centuries, along with the ''themata'' and the ''logothesia'', although there are traces of a single ''prōtonotarios'' functioning as the emperor's chief secretary until the Palaiologan period.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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