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prytaneis
The ''Prytaneis'' (πρυτάνεις; sing.: πρύτανις ''prytanis'') were the executives of the ''boule'' of ancient Athens. The term (like ''basileus'' or ''tyrannos'') is probably of Pre-Greek origin〔R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 1243.〕 (possibly cognate to Etruscan ''(e)pruni'').
==Origins and organization==
When Cleisthenes reorganized the Athenian government in 508/7 BCE, he replaced the old Solonian boule, or council, of 400 with a new boule of 500. The old boule consisted of 100 members of each of the four ancestral tribes. Cleisthenes created ten new tribes and made the boule consist of 50 men from each of these tribes. Each tribe's delegation would be an executive of the boule for one-tenth of the year, so that ten groups of prytaneis served each year, a position granted by sortition. The executive officers were known as prytaneis and their term of office as a prytany (πρυτανία).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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