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A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object, such as a puppet, in real time to create the illusion of life. The puppeteer may be visible to or hidden from the audience. A puppeteer can operate a puppet indirectly by the use of strings, rods, wires, electronics or directly by his or her own hands placed inside the puppet or holding it externally. Some puppet styles require puppeteers to work together as a team to create a single puppet character. There are a wide range of styles of puppetry but whatever the style, the puppeteer's role is to manipulate the physical object in such a manner that the audience believes the object is imbued with life. In some instances the persona of the puppeteer is also an important feature. The relationship between the puppeteer and the puppet-maker is often assumed to be similar to that between an actor and a playwright. This may be so, but one of the characteristics of puppetry is that very often the puppeteer assumes the joint roles of puppet-maker, director, designer, writer and performer. In this case a puppeteer is a more complete theatre practitioner than is the case within other theatre forms. Puppetry is a live medium and this distinguishes it from animation in which animators make a puppet appear to move by using a stop motion film technique in which the puppet is moved tiny fractions between each frame. ==List of notable professional puppeteers== *Anton Aicher - Founder of the Salzburg Marionette Theatre * Gretl Aicher - Artistic director of the Salzburg Marionette Theatre * Cosmo Allegretti - ''Captain Kangaroo''s Mr. Moose and Mr. Bunny Rabbit * Cary Antebi - Sherlock the Squirrel in ''The Magic Garden'' * Pam Arciero - Grundgetta from ''Sesame Street'' (1984–present). * Audrey Atterbury - Puppeteer on ''Andy Pandy'', the ''Flower Pot Men'' and ''The Woodentops'', among others * Don Austen - * Bil Baird - American puppeteer of the mid- and late 20th century. * Bob Baker - 400 movies, first puppeteer on TV – Los Angeles KHJ in 1939. * Greg Ballora - Emmett from ''The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth'', Baloney from ''The Mr. Potato Head Show''. * Jennifer Barnhart - Cleo Lion from ''Between the Lions'', Mama Bear from ''Sesame Street'', Bad Idea Bear from Avenue Q. * Phil Baron - * Bill Barretta - Pepe the King Prawn, Bobo the Bear, and Johnny Fiama from ''Muppets Tonight''. Rowlf the Dog and The Swedish Chef (since 1996). Dr. Teeth since 2005. * Marjorie Batchelder McPharlin (1903-1997) - American puppeteer and authority on the puppet theater. * Trace Beaulieu - ''Mystery Science Theater 3000s Crow T. Robot * Marek Bečka - Founder of Buchty a Loutky ("Cakes and Puppets") and lecturer in puppetry, Academy of Performing Arts in Prague * Edgar Bergen - Charlie McCarthy and others * Cheryl Blaylock - Mona Monster from ''Sesame Street'', Eureeka from ''Eureeka's Castle'', Bubbles Gum from ''The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth'' * Camille Bonora - * Richard Bradshaw OAM - One time director of the Marionette Theatre of Australia, and master shadow puppeteer * Brigitte Brideau - Performer of Wimzie from ''Wimzie's House''. * Fran Brill - Zoe, Prairie Dawn, Little Bird, Roxie Marie from ''Sesame Street''. * The Chiodo Brothers - Stephen Chiodo, Edward Chiodo, and Charles Chiodo have used their company Chiodo Bros. Productions Inc. to create puppets for specific films which they also performed in. They are also known for performing the puppet for Dr. Colosso from ''The Thundermans''. * Forman Brown (1901–1996) - Puppeteer and gay novelist. He was a member of the Yale Puppeteers and the driving force behind Turnabout Theatre. * Warrick Brownlow-Pike - Dodge T. Dog, Oucho T. Cactus * Lisa Buckley - Ms. Fluffé from ''Dog City''. She built Noodle McNoodle from ''Noodle and Doodle''. * Simon Buckley - British TV and film puppeteer * Julianne Buescher - Potato Bug from ''The Mr. Potato Head Show''. * Sarah Burgess - Phoebe Furchester-Fuzz in ''The Furchester Hotel'' * Ronnie Burkett - Canadian puppeteer, creator of Street of Blood, Tinka's New Dress, Happy (Memory Dress Trilogy), Provenance, 10 Days on Earth, among others) *Scotty Swan - puppet maker, puppeteer * Tyler Bunch - * Lou Bunin - 20th-century puppeteer, artist, and pioneer of stop-motion animation * Kevin Carlson - Mr. Potato Head from ''The Mr. Potato Head Show''. Kevin Carlson helped Dina Fraboni James Murray to create ''The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth'' where he performed the title character. * Leslie Carrara-Rudolph - Abby Cadabby from ''Sesame Street. * Dave Chapman - Dougie Colon from ''That Puppet Game Show'', Otis the Aardvark, Scratch from ''Nuzzle and Scratch. * Kevin Clash - Elmo from ''Sesame Street'', Clifford from ''The Jim Henson Hour'' and ''Muppets Tonight'', Baby Sinclair from Dinosaurs. * Lola Cueto - María Dolores Velázquez Rivas, better known as "Lola" Cueto (1897 – 1978) Mexican painter, printmaker, puppet designer and puppeteer. * Mireya Cueto - (born 1922) Mexican puppeteer, writer and dramaturg. Cofounder of the national marionette museum Museo Nacional de Títeres (MUNATI) * Paul Currie - * Stephanie D'Abruzzo - Curly Bear from ''Sesame Street''. Kate Monster and Lucy the Slut from Avenue Q. * Alice Dinnean - * Ronnie Le Drew - British TV and Film Puppeteer * Jeff Dunham - Peanut, Walter, Melvin the Superhero Guy, Jose Jalapeño on a Stick, Bubba J, Sweet Daddy Dee, Achmed the Dead Terrorist * Tommy Duren - * Michael Earl - Mr. Snuffleupagus from ''Sesame Street'' (1978-1980) * John Eccleston - * Terry Fator (born 1965) - American ventriloquist, impressionist, comedian, and singer * Wayland Flowers - Madame * Dina Fraboni - She helped Kevin Carlson and James Murray create ''The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth'' where she performed Ms. Sweetie. * Paul Fusco - Creator of ALF * Christine Glanville - One of Gerry Anderson's lead puppet operators * Dave Goelz - Gonzo the Great, Dr. Bunsen Honeydew, Zoot, Beauregard, Waldorf (since 1992) from ''The Muppet Show''. Boober Fraggle from ''Fraggle Rock''. * Louise Gold - Fughetta Faffner from ''The Ghost of Faffner Hall'', Bunnie Bear and Rhonda Rat from ''Jim Henson's Animal Show''. * Sue Hastings (1884–1977) - American Puppeteer and puppet creator * Andy Heath - * Brian Henson - The Storyteller's Dog from ''The Storyteller'', Sal Minella from ''Muppets Tonight''. He is the son of Jim and Jane Henson and the brother of John Henson, Lisa Henson, Cheryl Henson, and Heather Henson. * Jane Henson (1934 - 2013) - She was the wife of Jim Henson where she helped out in some of his early projects. * Jim Henson (1936 – 1990) - Kermit the Frog, Rowlf the Dog, Dr. Teeth, Link Hogthrob, Waldorf, and several others from The Muppets. Ernie, Guy Smiley, and several others from ''Sesame Street''. Convincing John and Cantus the Minstrel from ''Fraggle Rock''. Jim Henson is one of the best known of modern recent puppeteers who with his associates Jerry Juhl and Frank Oz developed The Muppets for television. Jim Henson's work has entertained children for decades on television series such as ''Sesame Street'' and the adult oriented ''The Muppet Show''. * John Henson (1965 - 2014) - He was trained by Richard Hunt to perform Sweetums. He is the son of Jim and Jane Henson and the brother of Brian Henson, Lisa Henson, Cheryl Henson, and Heather Henson. * Phillip Huber - Puppeteer on ''Being John Malkovich'' * Richard Hunt (1951 – 1992) - He performed Scooter, Janice, Beaker, Sweetums, and several others from ''The Muppets''. Also performed Placido Flamingo, Gladys the Cow, Sully, Don Music, and several others from ''Sesame Street'', as well as Junior Gorg and others from ''Fraggle Rock''. * Max Jacob - Founder of the Hohnsteiner Kasper Theatre in Germany in the 1920s. * Eric Jacobson - Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, and Sam the Eagle, from The Muppets, replacing Frank Oz beginning in 2001. Also replaced Oz in the roles of ''Sesame Streets Bert and Grover beginning in 1998. * Patrick Johnson and brother Sean Johnson own the puppet company "Swazzle" and partook in ''Puppet Up!'' and other projects of The Jim Henson Company. * Helen Haiman Joseph (1888 - 1978) - known as the "grandmother of American puppetry", master of marionette puppets and author of several books on puppetry.〔http://ech.case.edu/cgi/article.pl?id=JHH〕 * Jerry Juhl (1938 - 2005) - He worked as a puppeteer during the early parts of Jim Henson's career with his Muppets. Jerry later became a writer for ''The Muppet Show''. * Alex Kahn - Giant puppet creator for New York's Village Halloween Parade * John Kennedy - Occasionally performed Dr. Teeth of ''The Muppets'' from 1991 to 2003. Also briefly performed the Muppet Animal from 2002-2003, and Floyd from 2005-2006. Performed Kermit the Frog for most of the Disney Cruise Lines' ''Muppets Ahoy!'', in the absence of Steve Whitmire. * William Kincaid and Doug Kincaid - Creators of TV's "DB. Doorbell", "Grouchie Gator", and other "Kincaid Karacter" Puppets * Mary Robinette Kowal - Award-winning American author, puppeteer and cast member of Writing Excuses podcast. Worked on children's program LazyTown for two seasons. * Rollie Krewson - She helped to build some of the Muppets for ''The Muppet Show'' and other Muppet-based projects. Rollie has also occasionally performed some minor Muppet characters in some of Jim Henson's projects. * Sid and Marty Krofft - They worked separately (Sid touring with Ringling Brothers Circus and Judy Garland, while Marty used Sid's older puppets to earn money) before forming a partnership in the late 1950s. They created such series as ''H.R. Pufnstuf'', ''The Bugaloos'', ''Lidsville'', and ''Sigmund and the Sea Monsters'' to name a few. * James Kroupa - Nicky Napoleon from ''Jim Henson's Little Muppet Monsters'', Batly from ''Eureeka's Castle'' * Roberto La Morticella and John Connell - They made giant street theater puppets during the Summer of Love. * Tim Lagasse - Crash from ''Crash & Bernstein'' * Scott Land - The lead puppeteer in ''Team America: World Police'', The Princess Diaries'' and ''The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement''. * Bruce Lanoil - * Ronnie Le Drew - * Pady Blackwood - Puppeteer at Sid and Marty Krofft, Bil Baird Theater, Manipulator to Howdy Doody in the revival show, puppet mastet at Le Theater de Marionette in Dallas, TX and Pinocchios Playhouse in Florida. * Ralph Lee - Theatrical Event Creator, often utilizing giant puppets and masks. * Trish Leeper - * Shari Lewis - Lamb Chop, Charlie Horse, Hush Puppy, Wing Ding, and others. * Peter Linz - Theo Lion from ''Between the Lions'', Tutter from ''Bear in the Big Blue House'', Walter from ''The Muppets'' and ''Muppets Most Wanted''. * Kermit Love (1916 – 2008) - American puppeteer, costume designer, and actor noted for work with The Muppets. * Amy Luckenbach - American who lived in Italy, founding member of Burattini A Spasso, Maurice Sendak's ''Where the Wild Things Are'' * Rick Lyon - He created the puppets for the Tony-award winning musical ''Avenue Q'' and starred in the original Broadway cast as Trekkie Monster and Nicky. * Noel MacNeal - Bear from ''Bear in the Big Blue House''. * Jim Martin - Gary Gnu and M.T. Promises from ''The Great Space Coaster''. * Drew Massey - * Joey Mazzarino - Murray Monster, Colambo, and Papa Bear from ''Sesame Street''. * Mat McCoy - ''Farscape'' * Paul McGinnis - * Paul McPharlin - (Paul McPharlin Collection at the Detroit Institute of Art ) * Dan Milano - Greg the Bunny * Basil Milovsoroff - In 1983, he received the President's Award of the Puppeteers of America. * Alison Mork - Chairry, Magic Screen, Chicky Baby and Chandelier from ''Pee-wee's Playhouse''. * Sue Morrison - Performed Mrs. Robin, Didi the Woodpecker, Katrina the Whale, Rosie the Skunk, and others on ''The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon''. * Brian Muehl - Performed various characters on ''Sesame Street'' throughout the 1970s and 1980s, including Barkley (1978-1984), Brushman Bill, Clementine (1979-1984), Telly Monster (1979-1984), Elmo (1979-1984), Dr. Nobel Price (1979-1984), and Grundgetta (1982 - 1984). * Kathryn Mullen - Mokey Fraggle from ''Fraggle Rock''. * Kevin Murphy - ''Mystery Science Theater 3000s Tom Servo. * James Murray - He helped Kevin Carlson and Dina Fraboni to create ''The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth'' where he performed the Cavity Goon. James Murray has also performed Canny, Dr. Fruitcake, Johnny Rotten Apple, and Mr. Giblets from ''The Mr. Potato Head Show''. * Jerry Nelson (1934 - 2012) - Dr. Julius Strangepork, Floyd Pepper, Lew Zealand, Crazy Harry, Camilla the Chicken, Robin the Frog, Thog, and Uncle Deadly from ''The Muppet Show'', Herry Monster, Count von Count, Herry Monster, and Biff from ''Sesame Street'', Gobo Fraggle, Pa Gorg, and Marjory the Trash Heap from ''Fraggle Rock''. * Sergey Obraztsov - (1901–1992) - He was frequently cited as the father of artistic puppetry, was highly skilled in finger puppeteering, but also extended the range of the form by exposing the manipulation techniques involved. * Carmen Osbahr - Rosita from ''Sesame Street''. * Frank Oz - Fozzie Bear, Miss Piggy, Animal, Sam the Eagle, and many other ''Muppet characters'' until his retirement in 2002. Performed Bert, Grover, and Cookie Monster of ''Sesame Street'' until his retirement in 1998 to work on his film directing. However, Oz still occasionally returns to Sesame to perform his characters for fun. Performed Yoda of ''Star Wars''. Frank Oz helped Jim Henson develop the Muppets. Jim Henson and Frank Oz also frequently worked in film, including directing and puppeteer work in the 1982 film ''The Dark Crystal'' and the 1986 film ''Labyrinth''. Frank Oz is also well known to have directed movies such as the musical ''Little Shop of Horrors'', ''The Muppets Take Manhattan'', and ''The Indian in the Cupboard''. * Eren Ozker - Performed Janice, Hilda, Wanda, and others during the first season of ''The Muppet Show''. * Ramdas Padhye - A ventriloquist, puppeteer and puppet-maker from India. His ventriloquist dummy Ardhavatrao, and Bunny (the rabbit that starred in the commercial Lijjat Papad) are well known on the sub-continent. His son Satyajit Padhye is also a Ventriloquist and Puppeteer who is carrying this art of Puppetry to future generations. * Pantopuck - He was the first puppeteer on television. He is the author of "The Magic Tower and other Plays" and "Modern Puppetry." * Bob Payne - Mirinda Craver in the ''Mirinda'' commercials. Bob Payne was also the one who built some puppets for ''The Muppet Show'' and built the original Telly Monster puppet for ''Sesame Street'' (where Bob Payne was also the first performer of Telly Monster). * Frank Paris - Creator of Howdy Doody, puppets modeled after Carmen Miranda and Sonja Henie. ("Stars On Strings" ). (NY Times Obituary. ) * Nigel Plaskitt - Moosey Mouse from ''Mopatop's Shop''. * Count Franz Pocci - Founding director of the Munich Marionette Theatre, shadow puppeteer and writer of countless puppet plays * Karen Prell - Red Fraggle from ''Fraggle Rock'' * Dadi Pudumjee - Indian puppeteer, founder of The Ishara Puppet Theatre Trust. * Mike Quinn - * Pietro Radillo - 19th-century Italian master of the marionette. * Mark Rappaport - Lead puppeteer and Owner of Creature Effects, Inc. * James Rankin - Stacks and Eco in ''Groundling Marsh''. Sammy, Mr. Robin, Grandpa Robin, Dodo, and others in ''The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon'' (James Rankin also built the Dudley costume). Performed Buttons the Bear in ''Puppets Who Kill''. * Dan Redican - Performed Hegdish in ''Groundling Marsh''. * Gord Robertson - Performed Lindbergh on ''The Jim Henson Hour'' and Galileo in ''Groundling Marsh''. * Martin P. Robinson - Telly Monster and Mr. Snuffleupagus from ''Sesame Street''. * Fred Rogers (1928-2003) - The puppets from ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' ("Neighborhood of Make-Believe" segments) * Albrecht Roser - German master puppeteer based in Stuttgart, famous for his puppet ''Grandmother'' * David Rudman - Baby Bear from ''Sesame Street''. Replaced Frank Oz as Cookie Monster beginning in 2001. In 2008, he began performing Scooter and Janice. He also performed Miss Poogy of the Moopets in the 2011 film ''The Muppets''. * Paul Rugg - ''Puppet Up!'' and other Henson Alternative projects. * Don Sahlin (1928 – 1978) - Muppet designer and builder whose creations included Rowlf the Dog, Bert and Ernie, Grover, and Cookie Monster * Kobbo Santarrosa - puppeteer of ''La Comay'', hostess of ''SuperXclusivo'', the highest rated TV show in Puerto Rico * Tony Sarg - German American Puppeteer and Illustrator * Peter Schumann (b. 1934) - Peter has also been a highly influential puppeteer. Schumann formed Bread and Puppet Theatre in 1963, using puppetry as a form to campaign politically and educate socially as well as entertain. His work has also been formally experimental, and influenced a wide range of theatre practitioners including Julie Taymor. * Bruce Schwartz - * Peter Scriven - Founding artistic director of the Marionette Theatre of Australia. His ''Tintookies'' and ''Little Fella Bindi'' toured all over Australasia. * Jason Segel - He was trained in performing a puppet by Michael Oosterom and the other puppeteers that worked with him in ''Forgetting Sarah Marshall''. * I Made Sidia - Balinese wayang puppeteer. * Josef Skupa - (1892 – 1957) Czech puppeteer, created Spejbl and Hurvínek. * Katherine Smee - * Robert Smigel - Triumph, the Insult Comic Dog * Larry Smith - * Van Snowden (1939 – 2010) - Credits included the H.R. Pufnstuf and Crypt Keeper characters. Former head of the puppeteer division of Hasbro and Tiger Electronics. * Zdar Sorm - He is in charge of technological design of puppets for animated films at Barrandov Studio, Prague, Czech Republic * Caroll Spinney - Big Bird, Oscar the Grouch, Granny Bird, and Bruno the Trashman from ''Sesame Street''. Prior to working on ''Sesame Street'', Caroll Spinney created the cat duo Picklepuss and Pop for the Boston broadcast of "Bozo's Big Top" back in 1967 where the two characters appeared in Muppet forms for the ''Play-Along Video'' titled "Wow, You're a Cartoonist." * Andrew Spooner - Furgus Fuzz from ''The Furchester Hotel''. * Neil Sterenberg - Nuzzle from ''Nuzzle and Scratch''. * John Tartaglia - He did some puppeteer work in ''Sesame Street'', ''Avenue Q'' (where he performed Princeton and Rod), and ''Johnny and the Sprites''. * Burr Tillstrom - Creator of Kukla, Fran and Ollie * William Todd-Jones - * Winston Tong - 1978 Obie Award winner for Puppetry * Allan Trautman - * Miroslav Trejtnar - Czech master puppeteer and teacher of puppetry * Jiří Trnka - Master puppeteer and animator. * Basil Twist - Broadway Puppet Master. * Willie Tyler - Lester * Matt Vogel - In 2008, he began performing Uncle Deadly, Floyd Pepper, Lew Zealand, Crazy Harry, Camilla the Chicken and Robin the Frog (all taken over from Jerry Nelson), and Sweetums (who was previously performed by Richard Hunt and John Henson). Understudy for Big Bird beginning in 1998. In 2013, he began performing Count von Count following the death of Jerry Nelson. * Michael Vogel (German puppeteer) Figurentheater Wilde & Vogel * Eka Vogelnik - Slovene puppeteer and illustrator with numerous puppet performances for theatre and TV * Walton and O'Rourke - (Paul E. Walton and Michael O'Rourke) Cabaret puppeteers, founded the Olvera Street Puppet Theatre * Wende Welch - Original performer of Mrs. Robin, Katrina, and Didi during the first season of ''The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon''. Also performed on ''Groundling Marsh''. * Julie Westwood - * Señor Wences - Johnny, Pedro, many others * Steve Whitmire - Performer of ''Muppets'' Rizzo the Rat, Bean Bunny, Lips, Kermit the Frog (since 1990), Beaker (since 1992), and Statler (since 2002), as well as ''Sesame Streets Ernie (since 1993). * Mark Bryan Wilson - Ham Monster from ''The Mr. Potato Head Show''. * Mak Wilson - Farkus Faffner from ''The Ghost of Faffner Hall'', Harvey P. Dull from ''The Furchester Hotel''. * Paul Winchell - Jerry Mahoney and others. Also an inventor of artificial heart components. * Michael Winsor'' - Apollo on ''Jim Henson's Pajanimals''. * Victor Yerrid - Squacky on ''Jim Henson's Pajanimals''. * Tamao Yoshida 吉田 玉男; - (1919–2006) Japanese puppeteer. * Bryant Young - He has provided the movement of the Mr. Snuffleupagus' rear end in ''Sesame Street'' since 1979. * Noreen Young - (born 1952) Canadian producer and puppeteer * Paul Zaloom - ''Beakman's World'' * Nikolai Zykov - Soviet and Russian actor, director, artist, designer, puppet-maker, master puppeteer. * Farooq Qaiser - Pakistani journalist, puppeteer, TV director. Famous for his puppet Uncle Sargam introduced in 1976 in children's television show ''Kaliyan''. * Faizan Peerzada - Pakistani artist, puppeteer, theater director. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「puppeteer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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