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A qamutiik ((イヌクティトゥット語:ᖃᒧᑏᒃ);〔http://www.livingdictionary.com/term/viewTerm.jsp?term=49142308365〕 alternate spellings ''qamutik'' (single sledge runner), ''komatik'', (グリーンランド語:qamutit)〔http://oqaaserpassualeriffik.org/tools/katersat/ex/kal/cdb144e8e0e5581d944c78c9c8ca8787_7〕) is a sled designed to travel on snow and ice, built using traditional Inuit design knowledge. It is adapted to the arctic sea ice environment and is in common use today for travel in Arctic regions. == Design == The key feature of the qamutiik is that it does not use nails or pins to hold the runners and cross pieces in place. Each piece is drilled and lashed providing a flexibility of movement that can endure the pounding of travel on open sea ice, frozen land, ice floes and across the heavy ice of tidal zones. The cross pieces are called napooks. Each napook is notched near the ends to take a lashing which is passed through holes drilled through the runners. The first and last napooks are lashed individually to the runners using a more secure knot using two holes in the runners. For the central napooks, there is a single hole in the runner for each napook and all of the central napooks are lashed in one continuous lashing along each side. The method of lashing forms a self-locking knot. Today the napooks are ideally made of hardwoods such as oak or walnut. Archival materials and the stories of elders show that areas without access to wood for runners used frozen fish wrapped in skins as runners. Moss and ice were used on the bottom of the runner to reduce drag. Today wooden runners are universal, using usually either spruce or plywood, typically with a layer of polyurethane or nylon to reduce drag. Diaries and accounts from the 1800 and early 1900s tell of how British and American explorers, determined to use conventional sleds, found that the pounding of the sea-ice jolted and expelled the nails and that such sleds fell to pieces within several miles of their start point. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「qamutiik」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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