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racking
Racking, often referred to as Soutirage or Soutirage traditionnel (meaning racking in French), also filtering or fining, is a method in wine production of moving wine from one barrel to another using gravity rather than a pump, which can be disruptive to a wine.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Twomey Cellars )〕 The process is also known as ''Abstich'' in German and ''travaso'' in Italian.
''Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits'' defines racking as "siphoning wine or beer off the lees (in the case of wine) or trub (in the case of beer), into a new, clean barrel or other vessel." Racking allows clarification and aids in stabilization. Wine that is allowed to age on the lees often develops "off-tastes." A racking hose or tube is used and can be attached to a racking cane to make the task easier. The racking process is repeated several times during the aging of wine.〔
==Process==
Racking or soutirage is a traditional method in wine production of moving wine from one barrel to another using gravity rather than a pump. The process is repeated when the casks are moved to the second-year cellar. Soutirage was developed in the Bordeaux region of France in the 19th century at a time when there was no electricity to power pumps. Many estates such in Bordeaux and some estates in Pomerol and St. Emillion still employ this labor-intensive method. During aging, the wine is decanted several times from barrel to barrel. This process softens tannins, clarifies the wine and enhances aromatic qualities. According to Oz Clarke, "traditionally the wine is 'racked' or drawn from barrel or tank to another empty one on a number of occasions (called soutirage). This helps clarify and freshen the wine by removing the fine lees or sediment which forms and provides a tiny amount of oxygen to help the aging process. The wine may also be 'fined' (''collage'') using egg white or other materials to settle out particles in suspension which are then removed through further racking." Egg white is often applied to each barrel during the process. Twomey Cellars's Napa Valley Merlot is made using the soutirage process.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Merlot )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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