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radiole
A radiole is a heavily ciliated feather-like tentacle found in highly organized clusters on the crowns of Canalipalpata. Canalipalpata is an order of sessile marine polychaete worms consisting of 31 families (including the Sabellidae, Serpulidae, Terebellidae, and Alvinellidae, a family of deep-sea worms associated with hydrothermal vents). These benthic annelid tube worms employ radioles primarily for alimentation. While their primary role is to function as an organ for filter feeding, radioles also serve as respiratory organs. Because of their role in gas exchange, radioles are often referred to as "gills".
==Anatomical location==
Canalipalpata have a head located at the anterior end of the body. The head is formed by the fusion of a funnel-shaped, symmetrical peristomium with the prostomium.〔Department of Biology, Walla Walla University: (Serpula vermicularis ), Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory. Accessed 3 May 2010.〕〔(Fan Worms & Feather Dusters (Annelids) ). Accessed 3 May 2010.〕 The prostomium bears a specialized mouth appendage which is referred to as a branchial crown. The crown functions as both a sieve and a gill. The animal can extend the crown from its calcareous tube for feeding and gas exchange, and rapidly retract it when disturbed or threatened.〔Richard S. Fox, Invertebrate Anatomy OnLine: (''Eudistylia vancouveri'' ). Lander University, 4 July 2006. Accessed 3 May 2010.〕
The crown consists of two bundles (one right and one left) of featherlike tentacles known as branchiae, or radioles. Each of these bundles consists of a single row of radioles attached to a branchial stalk and curved into a semicircle. These two semicircles form the funnel-shaped branchial crown. The mouth is located at the apex of the funnel, between the two branchial stalks.〔
An adult worm typically has about 40 radioles in its crown, covered by tiny, hair-like branches called cilia. This arrangement gives the crown the appearance of a small fan or feather duster (for which the animals are often referred to as fanworms, or feather duster worms). When extended, these heavily ciliated radioles trap particles of organic matter and transport them towards the mouth.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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