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''Rasm'' is an Arabic writing script often used in the early centuries of Arabic literature (7th century - early 11th century AD). Essentially it is the same as today's Arabic script except for the big difference that dots and dashes are omitted. It is also known as Arabic skeleton script. In ''Rasm'' notation, the five distinct letters ـبـ ـتـ ـثـ ـنـ ـيـ are indistinguishable because all the dots are omitted. In other words ''Rasm'' script omits ''i'jam'' pointing. In the early Arabic manuscripts that survive today (physical manuscripts dated 7th and 8th centuries AD), one finds dots but "putting dots was in no case compulsory".〔("What Are Those Few Dots for? Thoughts on the Orthography of the Qurra Papyri (709-710), the Khurasan Parchments (755-777) and the Inscription of the Jerusalem Dome of the Rock (692)" ), by Andreas Kaplony, year 2008 in journal ''Arabica'' volume 55 pages 91-101.〕 Some manuscripts have no dots at all, while others add dots only sparingly and only in phrase contexts where the scribe thinks the omission of dotting on a word would leave the meaning ambiguous. ''Rasm'' ((アラビア語:رَسْم)) means 'drawing', outline, or pattern in Arabic. When speaking of the Qur'an, it stands for the basic text made of the 18 letters without vowel diacritics and without ''i'jam'' consonant points. The ''rasm'' is the oldest part of the Arabic script; it has 18 elements, excluding the ligature of ''lām'' and ''alif''. When isolated and in the final position, the 18 letters are visually distinct. However, in the initial and medial positions, certain letters that are distinct otherwise are not differentiated visually. This results in only 15 visually distinct glyphs each in the initial and medial positions. * This character may not display correctly in some fonts. The dot should not appear in all four positional forms and the initial and medial forms should join with following character. In other words the initial and medial forms should look exactly like those of a dot-less ''bāʾ'' while the isolated and final forms should look like those of a dot-less ''nūn''. * There is no ''hamzah'' in rasm writing, including ''hamzah''-on-the-line (i.e., ''hamzah'' between letters). Compare the beginning verse of the ' with all diacritics and with the ''rasm'' only. The first sentence only appears as it should if one of the fonts (''Scheherazade'' or ''Lateef'' ) was installed. The last two sentences appear with them and can also appear properly if ''(DejaVu Sans )'' was installed. Note that when ''rasm'' is written with spaces, they do not only occur between words. Within a word, spaces also appear between adjacent letters that are not connected. ==Historical example== The Kufic Samarkand Qur'an that was from 1869 to 1917 in St. Petersburg shows almost only the ''rasm''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「rasm」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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