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The raspberry () is the edible fruit of a multitude of plant species in the genus ''Rubus'' of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus ''Idaeobatus''; the name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems. ==Major kinds of cultivated raspberries== Raspberries are an important commercial fruit crop, widely grown in all temperate regions of the world. Many of the most important modern commercial red raspberry cultivars derive from hybrids between ''R. idaeus'' and ''R. strigosus''.〔Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.〕 Some botanists consider the Eurasian and American red raspberries to belong to a single, circumboreal species, ''Rubus idaeus,'' with the European plants then classified as either ''R. idaeus'' subsp. ''idaeus'' or ''R. idaeus'' var. ''idaeus,'' and the native North American red raspberries classified as either ''R. idaeus'' subsp. ''strigosus,'' or ''R. idaeus'' var. ''strigosus''. Recent breeding has resulted in cultivars that are thornless and more strongly upright, not needing staking. The black raspberry, ''Rubus occidentalis,'' is also cultivated, providing both fresh and frozen fruit, as well as jams, preserves, and other products, all with that species' distinctive flavor. Purple raspberries have been produced by horticultural hybridization of red and black raspberries, and have also been found in the wild in a few places (for example, in Vermont) where the American red and the black raspberries both grow naturally. Commercial production of purple-fruited raspberries is rare. Blue raspberry, is a local name used in Prince Edward Country, Ontario, Canada for the cultivar 'Columbian', a hybrid (purple raspberry) of ''R. strigosus'' and ''R. occidentalis''.〔 page 96〕 Both the red and the black raspberry species have albino-like pale-yellow natural or horticultural variants, resulting from presence of recessive genes that impede production of anthocyanin pigments. Fruits from such plants are called golden raspberries or yellow raspberries; despite their similar appearance, they retain the distinctive flavor of their respective species (red or black). Most pale-fruited raspberries commercially sold in the eastern United States are derivatives of red raspberries. Yellow-fruited variants of the black raspberry are sometimes grown in home gardens. Red raspberries have also been crossed with various species in other subgenera of the genus ''Rubus'', resulting in a number of hybrids, the first of which was the loganberry. Later notable hybrids include boysenberry (a multi-generation hybrid), and tayberry. Hybridization between the familiar cultivated red raspberries and a few Asiatic species of ''Rubus'' has also been achieved. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「raspberry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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