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In linguistics, relexification is the mechanism of language change by which one language replaces much or all of its lexicon, including basic vocabulary, with that of another language, without drastic change to its grammar. It is principally used to describe pidgins, creoles, and mixed languages.〔P.H. Matthews. 2007. ''Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics''. Second edition. Oxford. Lyle Campbell & Mauricio J. Mixco. 2007. ''A Glossary of Historical Linguistics.'' University of Utah Press. David Crystal. 2003. ''A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics''. Fifth edition. Blackwell.〕 Relexification is not synonymous with lexical borrowing, which describes the situation where a language merely supplements its basic vocabulary with words from another language. ==Language creation and the relexification hypothesis== Relexification is a form of language interference in which a pidgin, a creole or a mixed language takes the great majority of its lexicon from a superstrate or target language while its grammar either comes from the substrate or source language, or, according to universalist theories, arises from universal principles of simplification and grammaticalisation. The language from which the lexicon is derived is called the "lexifier". Michif, Media Lengua, and Lanc-Patuá creole are mixed languages which arose through relexification.〔, , 〕 A hypothesis that all creole languages derive their grammar from the medieval Mediterranean Lingua Franca was widely held at the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s before falling out of favor. It was later argued that, for example, the grammar of Haitian Creole is a substratum, created when Fon-speaking African slaves relexified their language with French vocabulary, because of underlying similarities between Haitian and Fon. However, the role of relexification in creole genesis is disputed by adherents of generative grammar. , , , and , for example, have argued that the similarities in syntax reflect a hypothetical Universal Grammar, not the workings of relexification processes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「relexification」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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