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repolarization
In neuroscience, repolarization refers to the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential has changed the membrane potential to a positive value. The repolarization phase usually returns the membrane potential back to the resting membrane potential. The efflux of K+ ions results in the falling phase of an action potential. The ions pass through the selectivity filter of the K+ channel pore. There are several K+ channels that contribute to repolarization, including A-type channels, delayed rectifiers, and Ca2+-activated K+ channels.
Repolarization typically results from the movement of positively charged K+ ions out of the cell. The repolarization phase of an action potential initially results in hyperpolarization, attainment of a membrane potential, termed the afterhyperpolarization, that is more negative than the resting potential. Repolarization usually takes several milliseconds.〔Jeff Hardin; Gregory Paul Bertoni; Lewis J. Kleinsmith. ''(Becker's World of the Cell )''. Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company; December 2010. ISBN 978-0-321-71602-6. p. 389.〕
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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