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responsa
Responsa (Latin: plural of ''responsum'', "answers") comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars in historic religious law.
==In the Roman Empire==
Roman law recognised ''responsa prudentium'', i.e. the responses and thoughts of jurists, as one of the sources of "Ius scriptum" (written law), along with laws originating from magistrates, from the Senate, or from the emperor.
A particularly well-known and highly influential example of such responsa was the Digesta (or Digests), in 90 books, principal work of the prominent Second Century jurist Salvius Julianus. This was a systematic treatise on civil and praetorian law, cited by many later Roman legal writers, which has been described as “''A comprehensive collection of responsa on real and hypothetical cases; in general, it followed the edictal system... With Iulianus, the Roman jurisprudence reached its apogee.''” 〔"Salvius Iulianus" in Adolf Berger, ''Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law'', American Philosophical Society, 1953, p. 552〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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