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Retinopathy is persistent or acute damage to the retina of the eye. Ongoing inflammation and vascular remodeling may occur over periods of time where the patient is not fully aware of the extent of the disease. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension.〔 Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people. ==Pathophysiology== Causes of retinopathy include but are not limited to: * Diabetes mellitus, which causes diabetic retinopathy * Arterial hypertension, which causes hypertensive retinopathy * Retinopathy of prematurity due to prematurity of the newborn (under the 9 months of human pregnancy). * Radiation retinopathy due to exposure to ionizing radiation. * Solar retinopathy due to direct sunlight exposure. * Sickle cell disease * Retinal vascular disease such as retinal vein or artery occlusion. * Trauma, especially to the head, and several diseases may cause Purtscher's retinopathy * Hyperviscosity-related retinopathy as seen in disorders which cause paraproteinemia Many types of retinopathy are proliferative, most often resulting from neovascularization or blood vessel overgrowth. Angiogenesis is the hallmark precursor that may result in blindness or severe vision loss, particularly if the macula becomes affected.〔 Retinopathy may more rarely be due to ciliopathic genetic disorders, such as Alström syndrome or Bardet–Biedl syndrome.〔 Retinopathy is diagnosed by an ophthalmologist during eye examination. Treatment depends on the cause of the disease. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「retinopathy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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