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| image_flag = Flag of Rome.svg | image_seal = Coat of arms of Rome.svg | nickname = The Eternal City, Capital of the World | image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg | map_caption = The territory of the comune (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow) | pushpin_map = Italy | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_label = Rome | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Italy | latd = 41 | latm = 54 | latNS = N | longd = 12 | longm = 30 | longEW = E | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_region = IT | coordinates_type = | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = Special Comune ("Roma Capitale") | governing_body = Rome City Council | leader_title = Commissario Prefettizio | leader_name = Francesco Paolo Tronca | total_type = Total | unit_pref = IT | area_footnotes = | area_total_sq_mi = 496.3 | area_urban_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 21 | elevation_ft = | population_footnotes = | population_rank = 1st, Italy | population_density_sq_mi = 5,781 | population_total = | population_as_of = 2014 | population_blank1_title = Comune | population_blank1 = 2,869,461〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.demo.istat.it/bilmens2014gen/query.php?lingua=ita&Rip=S3&Reg=R12&Pro=P058&Com=91&submit=Tavola )〕 | population_blank2_title = Metropolitan City | population_blank2 = 4,321,244〔(Bilancio demografico Anno 2014 (dati provvisori). Provincia: Roma ) - Demo.istat.it〕 | population_demonym = Roman(''o'') | timezone1 = CET | utc_offset1 = +1 | postal_code_type = CAP code(s) | postal_code = 00100; 00121 to 00199 | area_code = 06 | un_locode = | website = (Comune di Roma ) }} Rome ( ; (イタリア語:Roma) , (ラテン語:Rōma)) is a city and special ''comune'' (named ''Roma Capitale'') in Italy. Rome is the capital of Italy and of the Lazio region. With 2.9 million residents in , it is also the country's largest and most populated ''comune'' and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome has a population of 4.3 million residents.〔 The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of Tiber river. Vatican City is an independent country within the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.quirinale.it/qrnw/statico/ex-presidenti/Ciampi/dinamico/discorso.asp?id=21495 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.repubblica.it/2005/d/sezioni/esteri/nuovopapa/reazitalia/reazitalia.html )〕 Rome's history spans more than two and a half thousand years. While Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome at only around 753 BC, the site has been inhabited for much longer, making it one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in Europe.〔Heiken, G., Funiciello, R. and De Rita, D. (2005), The Seven Hills of Rome: A Geological Tour of the Eternal City. Princeton University Press.〕 The city's early population originated from a mix of Latins, Etruscans and Sabines. Eventually, the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and is regarded as one of the birthplaces of Western civilization and by some as the first ever metropolis.〔(Old Age in Ancient Rome )〕 It is referred to as "Roma Aeterna" (The Eternal City) and "Caput Mundi" (Capital of the World), two central notions in ancient Roman culture. After the fall of the Western Empire, which marked the beginning of the Middle Ages, Rome slowly fell under the political control of the Papacy, which had settled in the city since the 1st century AD, until in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870. Beginning with the Renaissance, almost all the popes since Nicholas V (1422–55) pursued coherently along four hundred years an architectonic and urbanistic program aimed to make of the city the world's artistic and cultural center. Due to that, Rome became first one of the major centers of the Italian Renaissance, and then the birthplace of both the Baroque style and Neoclassicism. Famous artists, painters, sculptors and architects made Rome the center of their activity, creating masterpieces throughout the city. In 1871 Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, and in 1946 that of the Italian Republic. Rome has the status of a global city.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2014 Global Cities Index and Emerging Cities Outlook )〕 Rome ranked in 2014 as the 14th-most-visited city in the world, 3rd most visited in the European Union, and the most popular tourist attraction in Italy.〔(Most Visited Cities )〕 Its historic centre is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91 )〕 Monuments and museums such as the Vatican Museums and the Colosseum are among the world's most visited tourist destinations with both locations receiving millions of tourists a year. Rome hosted the 1960 Summer Olympics and is the seat of United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). ==Etymology== According to the founding myth of the city by the Ancient Romans themselves, the long-held tradition of the origin of the name "Roma" is believed to have come from the city's founder and first king, Romulus. However, it is a possibility that the name Romulus was actually derived from Rome itself. As early as the 4th century, there has been alternate theories proposed on the origin of the name Roma. Several hypotheses have been advanced focusing on its uncertain linguistic roots.:〔Claudio Rendina, ''Roma ieri, oggi, domani'', Newton Compton, Roma, 2007, pg. 17〕 * From ''Rumon'' or ''Rumen'', archaic name of the Tiber, which in turn has the same root as the Greek verb ῥέω (rhèo) and the Latin verb ''ruo'', which both mean "flow";〔This hypothesis originates from the Roman Grammarian Maurus Servius Honoratus.〕 * From the Etruscan word ''ruma'', whose root is *rum- "teat", with possible reference either to the totem wolf that adopted and suckled the cognately named twins Romulus and Remus, or to the shape of the Palatine and Aventine Hills; * From the Greek word ῤώμη (rhōmē), which means ''strength''.〔This hypothesis originates from Plutarch〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「rome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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