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sable
The sable (''Martes zibellina'') is a species of marten which inhabits forest environments, primarily in Russia from the Ural Mountains throughout Siberia, eastern Kazakhstan, northern Mongolia, China, North and South Korea and Hokkaidō in Japan. Its range in the wild originally extended through European Russia to Poland and Scandinavia.〔Ognev, S. (1962). Mammals of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations.〕 It has historically been hunted for its highly valued fur, which remains a luxury good to this day. While hunting of wild animals is still common in Russia, most fur in the market is now commercially farmed.
==Etymology==
The name ''sable'' appears to be of Slavic origin and to have entered most Western European languages via the early medieval fur trade.〔“sable, n., etymology of” The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989. OED Online. Oxford University Press. http://dictionary.oed.com/. Accessed: 11-2-2008〕 Thus the Russian ''соболь'' (''sobol'') and Polish ''soból'' became the German ''Zobel'', Dutch ''Sabel''; the French ''zibeline'', Spanish ''cibelina, cebellina'', Finnish ''soopeli'', Portuguese ''zibelina'' and Mediaeval Latin ''zibellina'' derive from the Italian form (''zibellino''). The English and Medieval Latin word ''sabellum'' comes from the Old French ''sable'' or ''saible''.
The term has become a generic description for some black-furred animal breeds, such as sable cats or rabbits, and for the colour black in heraldry.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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