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saltarello
The saltarello is a musical dance form originally from Italy. The first mention of it is in Add MS 29987, a fourteenth-century manuscript probably of Tuscan origin, now in the British Library. It was played in a fast triple meter and is named for its peculiar leaping step, after the Italian verb ''saltare'' ("to jump"). This characteristic is also the basis of the German name ''Hoppertanz'' or ''Hupfertanz'' ("hopping dance"); other names include the French ''pas de Brabant'' and the Spanish ''alta'' or ''alta danza''.
==History==
The saltarello enjoyed great popularity in the courts of medieval Europe. During the 15th century, the word saltarello became the name of a particular dance step (a double with a hop on the final or initial upbeat), and the name of a meter of music (a fast triple), both of which appear in many choreographed dances. Entire dances consisting of only the saltarello step and meter are described as being improvised dances in 15th century Italian dance manuals. (The first dance treatise that dealt with the saltarello was the 1465 work of Antonio Cornazzano.) A clearer, detailed description of the this step and meter appears in a 16th-century manuscript in the Academia de la Historia in Madrid.〔Curt Sachs (1937). ''World History of the Dance'', translated by Bessie Schönberg. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc. .〕 During this era, the saltarello was danced by bands of courtesans dressed as men at masquerades. The saltarello gave birth to the ''quadernaria'' in Germany, which was then fused into the ''saltarello tedesco'' (German saltarello) in Italy. This "German saltarello", in contrast to the Italian variety, was in duple time and began on the downbeat, and was also known by the name ''quaternaria''.〔Curt Sachs (1937). ''World History of the Dance'', translated by Bessie Schönberg. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc. .〕
In 1540, Hans Newsidler published an Italian dance under the name ''Hupff auff'' (introductory skip), and identified it with a parenthetical subtitle: "saltarella".〔Curt Sachs (1937). ''World History of the Dance'', translated by Bessie Schönberg. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc. .〕
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