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Sandhog is the slang term given to urban miners, construction workers who work underground on a variety of excavation projects in New York City.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Men Who Make New York Work )〕 Generally these projects involve tunneling, caisson excavation, road building, or some other type of underground construction or mining projects. The miners work with a variety of equipment from tunnel boring machines to explosives to remove material for the project they are building. The term is an American colloquialism. Starting with their first job in 1872, the Brooklyn Bridge, the "hogs" have built a large part of the New York City infrastructure including the subway tunnels and sewers, Water Tunnels No. 1 and No. 2 as well as the currently under construction Water Tunnel No. 3, the Lincoln, Holland, Queens-Midtown, and Brooklyn-Battery tunnels. In addition, they worked on the foundations for most of the bridges and many of the skyscrapers in the city. Many of these workers are Irish or Irish American and West Indian. Sandhogging is often a tradition and is passed down through generations of families; since mining projects span decades, it is not uncommon to find multi-generations of families to work together on the same job. == Appearances in media == *In the October 1997 issue of ''Esquire'' magazine, a series of photographs by David Allee, with a text accompaniment by Thomas Kelly, document the life and work of sandhogs. In 2006 at Grand Central Terminal in New York City there was a large-scale photo and video installation about the sandhogs, The Sandhog Project, created by artist Gina LeVay. *Thomas Kelly's 1997 novel about sandhogs, ''Payback'', was reissued in 2008 as ''Sandhogs'' (ISBN 978-1593762360) by Soft Skull Press. *David Grann's 2003 article about sandhogs, ''City of Water'', appeared in the September 1 issue of ''The New Yorker''〔("City of Water" (abstract) ), ''The New Yorker'', September 1, 2003.〕 and was republished in his collection ''The Devil and Sherlock Holmes''. It has been optioned for a movie. *On September 7, 2008, The History Channel began a series on the sandhogs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sandhogs - 800 feet below NYC streets )〕 * The ''CSI: NY'' episode "A Man a Mile" deals with the death of a sandhog during construction of Water Tunnel No. 3. *The ''Cold Case'' episode "Sandhogs" (Season 4, Episode 3) deals with the death of a Sandhog in 1948. *A ''Public Broadcasting System'' (PBS) sponsored documentary show ''American Experience'' 2014 episode "The Rise and Fall of Penn Station" details the work done by the sandhogs in the creation of the rail tunnels connecting New York and New Jersey. 〔(Penn Station ) The American Experience〕 *The podcast ''99% Invisible'' released an episode on sandhogs in March 2015. 〔(99% Invisible ) Episode 158: Sandhogs〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sandhog」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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