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''Sanggung'' was an official title of the senior 5th rank (正五品; ''Jong 5 pum''), the highest attainable for ''gungnyeo'', a lady-in-waiting during the Joseon Dynasty of Korea.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=상궁(尙宮), Sanggung )〕 Female officers with the title were assigned to govern the inner affairs of the palace. When a regular nain served for more than 15 years, she would be awarded with an ornamental hairpin for a sanggung. Therefore, a newly appointed sanggung was usually 35–45 years old. A court lady at the rank of sanggung was treated well enough to live in her own house with servants.〔http://www.food.co.kr/english/05_5.html〕 The title first appears in Goryeosa ("History of Goryeo"), a complied book about the Goryeo period. In the chapter of the book titled ''Baekgwanji'' (百官志), regarding all official titles, there were posts named ''sanggung'' (尙宮, managing the palace), ''sangchim'' (尙寢, managing bedding), ''sangsik'' (尙食 managing food), and another ''sangchim'' (尙針, managing sewing) during the reign of King Hyeonjong. The book also has another record that Lady Han was appointed as ''sanggung'' in March 1031, the 22nd year of the king's reign. These records prove that the ''sanggung'' system had existed since the Goryeo period.〔(【引用サイトリンク】script-title=ko:상궁(尙宮) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】script-title=ko:상궁(尙宮) )〕 As a system on ''naemyeongbu'' (內命婦) which refers to women at court with a rank including queen and lady-in-waiting〔(【引用サイトリンク】script-title=ko:내명부 (內命婦) )〕 was revised since the foundation of the Joseon Dynasty, female officers with the title, ''sanggung'' began to manage inner affairs of the court in general as the highest position of the ''gunggwan'' (literally a palace officer). The ''naemyeongbu'' was largely divided into ''naegwan'' (literally "internal offices"〔http://www.aks.ac.kr/glossary/glossary_detail.asp?g_code=1370&page=1&c_code=&search_field=all&keyword=naegwan&order=g_korean&kanada=〕) and ''gunggwan'' according to ''Gyeongguk daejeon''. The former refers to a king's concubines or a crown prince's consort while ''gunggwan'' are female officers with a rank.〔 The social status of ''sanggung'' generally belonged to the ''yangin'' (common people) class, distinguished from ''naegwan'' in policy. == Types of sanggung == *''Jejo sanggung'' (提調尙宮) - also called ''Keunbang sanggung''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】script-title=ko:상궁 (尙宮) )〕 They had the highest position among gungnyeo, and they are responsible for the management of properties. They serve the king with many other ladies-in-waiting in his palace, receive the king's order and have political power. *''Bujejo sanggung'' (副提調尙宮) - also called ''Arigo sanggung'' (阿里庫尙宮) manages the properties in the warehouse of palace. *''Jimil sanggung'' (至密尙宮) - also called ''Daeryeong sanggung'' (待令尙宮) waited closely to the king. *''Bomo sanggung'' (保姆尙宮) - literally meaning "a nurse sanggung" took care of princes and princesses. *''Sinyeo sanggung'' (侍女尙宮) - literally meaning "a maid-in-waiting sanggung" assists jimil saggung with books and ceremony. *''Gamchal sanggung'' (監察尙宮) - literally meaning "an inspector sanggung" inspected and give the punishment to gungnyeo.〔http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=255134&v=42〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sanggung」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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